SolutionsGroup5

2013-01-29T12:30:29Z

AnKa: /* Restricted Quantifiers 1c */

On this page, you can find the solutions to the excercises on Quantifiers.

== Restricted Quantifiers 1a ==

Sorry, this is not correct.

In restricted quantifier notation, the ''complete'' noun phrase of the sentence is presented in square brackets.

[[NMTS-Group5#Restricted_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Types Quantifiers 2d ==

[Every x: SCULPTURE(x) & MAKE (r, x)] SIGN (r, x)

Here, the N' is "sculpture he makes" and therefore belongs in square brackets together with the Quantifier "every". Since Ramon ''makes'' and ''signs'' the sculptures, the corresponding variables are (r, x).

[[NMTS-Group5#Different_types_of_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Scopal Ambiguity 3a ==

In this sentence, the scopal ambiguity is created by the two quantifiers "everyone" and "someone".

When looking at the two pictures that try to help you, you can see two possible readings:

1. For every person there is, there is at least one other person who loves him / her.

2. There is one person that is loved by everyone else.

[[NMTS-Group5#Scopal_Ambiguity|Return to Excercise]]

== Restricted Quantifiers 1c ==

Sorry, this is not correct.

In restricted quantifier notation,the semantic representation of the NP appears in the restrictor.

[[NMTS-Group5#Restricted_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Types Quantifiers 2a ==

Sorry, this is not correct.

Existential quantifiers are used for sentences that represent something that exists.

Of course, you could argue that there is a Person x such that x is called Ramon and x makes (and then signs) sculptures - but this is not what we were going for.

Maybe you want to check the possible answers once more.

[[NMTS-Group5#Different_types_of_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Types Quantifiers 2b ==

Yes, this is correct.

Check if there is another correct answer!

[[NMTS-Group5#Different_types_of_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Restricted Quantifiers 1b ==

Yes, this is correct.

[[NMTS-Group5#Restricted_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Types Quantifiers 2c ==

Yes, this is correct.

Check if there is another correct answer!

[[NMTS-Group5#Different_types_of_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Restricted Quantifiers 1d ==

Sorry, this is not correct.

In restricted quantifier notation,the semantic representation of the NP appears in the restrictor.

[[NMTS-Group5#Restricted_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Scopal Ambiguity 3b ==

1. For every person there is at least one person who loves him / her:

∀x (PERSON (x) -> ∃y (PERSON (y) & LOVE (x, y))

2. There is one person that is loved by everyone:

∃x (PERSON (x) -> ∀y (PERSON (y) & LOVE (y, x))

[[NMTS-Group5#Scopal_Ambiguity|Return to Excercise]]

== Placeholder ==

This is just a placeholder in order to make sure the links work correctly, independently of the size of the PC-screen.

This is just a placeholder in order to make sure the links work correctly, independently of the size of the PC-screen.

SolutionsGroup5

2013-01-29T12:29:39Z

AnKa: /* Restricted Quantifiers 1d */

On this page, you can find the solutions to the excercises on Quantifiers.

== Restricted Quantifiers 1a ==

Sorry, this is not correct.

In restricted quantifier notation, the ''complete'' noun phrase of the sentence is presented in square brackets.

[[NMTS-Group5#Restricted_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Types Quantifiers 2d ==

[Every x: SCULPTURE(x) & MAKE (r, x)] SIGN (r, x)

Here, the N' is "sculpture he makes" and therefore belongs in square brackets together with the Quantifier "every". Since Ramon ''makes'' and ''signs'' the sculptures, the corresponding variables are (r, x).

[[NMTS-Group5#Different_types_of_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Scopal Ambiguity 3a ==

In this sentence, the scopal ambiguity is created by the two quantifiers "everyone" and "someone".

When looking at the two pictures that try to help you, you can see two possible readings:

1. For every person there is, there is at least one other person who loves him / her.

2. There is one person that is loved by everyone else.

[[NMTS-Group5#Scopal_Ambiguity|Return to Excercise]]

== Restricted Quantifiers 1c ==

Sorry, this is not correct.

In restricted quantifier notation, the noun phrase of the sentence is presented in square brackets.

[[NMTS-Group5#Restricted_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Types Quantifiers 2a ==

Sorry, this is not correct.

Existential quantifiers are used for sentences that represent something that exists.

Of course, you could argue that there is a Person x such that x is called Ramon and x makes (and then signs) sculptures - but this is not what we were going for.

Maybe you want to check the possible answers once more.

[[NMTS-Group5#Different_types_of_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Types Quantifiers 2b ==

Yes, this is correct.

Check if there is another correct answer!

[[NMTS-Group5#Different_types_of_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Restricted Quantifiers 1b ==

Yes, this is correct.

[[NMTS-Group5#Restricted_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Types Quantifiers 2c ==

Yes, this is correct.

Check if there is another correct answer!

[[NMTS-Group5#Different_types_of_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Restricted Quantifiers 1d ==

Sorry, this is not correct.

In restricted quantifier notation,the semantic representation of the NP appears in the restrictor.

[[NMTS-Group5#Restricted_Quantifiers|Return to Excercise]]

== Scopal Ambiguity 3b ==

1. For every person there is at least one person who loves him / her:

∀x (PERSON (x) -> ∃y (PERSON (y) & LOVE (x, y))

2. There is one person that is loved by everyone:

∃x (PERSON (x) -> ∀y (PERSON (y) & LOVE (y, x))

[[NMTS-Group5#Scopal_Ambiguity|Return to Excercise]]

== Placeholder ==

This is just a placeholder in order to make sure the links work correctly, independently of the size of the PC-screen.

This is just a placeholder in order to make sure the links work correctly, independently of the size of the PC-screen.

NMTS-Group5

2013-01-29T12:21:11Z

AnKa: /* Restricted Quantifiers */

{{MaterialUnderConstruction}}

(Back to the [[NMTS_Meeting_2#Groups|group overview]])

= Wikipage of Group 5 - Quantifiers =

== Overview ==

=== Members ===

* [[User:AnKa| AnKa]]
* [[User:Katharina| Katharina]]
* [[User:Lara| Lara]]

=== Short description of the topic ===


Quantifiers are words that precede and modify nouns; they indicate quantity.

There are different types of quantifiers which can be divided in quantifiers for count nouns and non-count nouns.

==== Comment ====

Count-nouns are regarded as individual, countable items:
e.g. tree

Non-count nouns are not countable, things that we regard as 'undifferentiated mass':
e.g. dancing, the water we spilled on the floor, one big mess

Nouns that can be either count or non-count nouns:
e.g. paper, stone, and cake
For instance, I can enter a bakery and say 'I want a cake' (an individual bakery product), or, before we enter, I can tell a friend that 'I want cake' and not refer to a specific cake but simply mean that the idea of eating cake appeals to me — any cake or piece of cake with chocolate frosting...

==== Examples ====

Quantifier expressions
*some
*both
*all
*everything
*nothing
*at least five
*most
*all but one
*less than half of the
*three books
*more...than
*John and Mary
*only John

Quantifiers that work with count nouns:

many / a few / several / a couple of / none of the trees

Quantifiers that work with non-count nouns:

not much / a little / a bit of / no dancing

Quantifiers that work with both count and non-count nouns:

all of the / some/ most of the / enough / a lot of trees / lots of / plenty of / a lack of trees/dancing

== Excercises ==

The following excercises provide links to their respective solutions. The answer to the question you just worked on is shown on the very top of the new website that pops up.

Due to long loading times, it might be useful to open the links via right-click, then choose "Open in new tab". In this way you can easily go back to the excercises without loading the group page again. However, at the bottom of each solution, there is a link that leads you back here.

Depending on the size of your PC-screen or the extend you zoomed in or out of your browser, it might happen that you can see more than one answer for the excercise you worked on. In your own interest, please try not to look at or remember those, if that should be the case.

Now, have fun with some excercises on quantifiers!

=== Restricted Quantifiers ===

Find the right formula for the sentence below.

''Some students who heard the concert were interviewed by Holmes.''

:: (a) [[SolutionsGroup5#Restricted_Quantifiers_1a|[Some x: STUDENT (x)] HEAR (x, c) & INTERVIEW (h, x)]]
:: (b) [[SolutionsGroup5#Restricted_Quantifiers_1b|[Some x: STUDENT (x) & HEAR (x, c)] INTERVIEW (h, x)]]
:: (c) [[SolutionsGroup5#Restricted_Quantifiers_1c|Some x: STUDENT (x)& HEAR (x, c) & INTERVIEW (h, x)]]
:: (d) [[SolutionsGroup5#Restricted_Quantifiers_1d|[Some x: STUDENT (x) & INTERVIEW (h, x)] HEAR (x,c)]]

Comment Sailer: 
1) I like this type of exercise. In your example you should use ''the concert'' instead of ''both concerts'', otherwise one might ask oneself where the semantics of the quantifier ''both'' is. 
2) instead of saying that the noun phrase must be in the restrictor, you better say that the semantic representation of the NP appears in the restrictor.

=== Different types of Quantifiers ===

#Which type(s) of Quantifiers has the sentence below?
#Write down the corresponding logical formula(s).

''Ramon signs every sculpture he makes.''

:: (a) [[SolutionsGroup5#Types_Quantifiers_2a|existential]]
:: (b) [[SolutionsGroup5#Types_Quantifiers_2b|universal]]
:: (c) [[SolutionsGroup5#Types_Quantifiers_2c|restricted]]

[[SolutionsGroup5#Types_Quantifiers_2d|Check your solution for 2.]]

Comment Sailer: I like this way to give the answers: the user can either click on individual answers or click on the overall answer at the end.
Remark: in one answer you put "every" (in double quotes) instead of <nowiki>''every''</nowiki> (in two distinct single quotes). Only the latter formatting will turn into ''every''.

=== Scopal Ambiguity ===

# In which way is the following sentence ambiguous?
# Write down the two possible logical forms.

Comment Sailer: Use the normal arrow symbols. Here is how you write them in our wiki: http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/arrows.html

''Everyone loves someone.''

[[File:Everyone_loves_someone_1.jpeg|200px|thumb|left|One Reading]]

[[SolutionsGroup5#Scopal_Ambiguity_3a|Check your solution for 1.]]

[[File:Everyone_loves_someone_2.jpeg|200px|thumb|left|Another Reading]]

[[SolutionsGroup5#Scopal_Ambiguity_3b|Check your solution for 2.]]

.

== References and links ==

=== References ===


* Kearns, Kate (2000): ''Semantics''. New York: St Martin's Press.
* [http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/quantifier?q=quantifier| Definition of quantifier from the Oxford Online Dictionary]
* [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/generalized-quantifiers/| Definition of quantifier from the Stanford Encylopedia of Philosophy]
*http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/noun_exercise.htm
*http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm

=== Links ===


=== Related Wiki Pages ===
* [[Glossary:_Predicate| Predicate]]
* [[Editing Glossary:Quantifiers| Quantifiers]]

= Our e-learning objects =

== Our wiki pages ==


=== in the [[Basic Glossary]]: ===
* [[Glossary:Anaphora| Anaphora]]
* [[Glossary:Paraphrase| Paraphrase]]
* [[Glossary:Prototype| Prototype]]

== Our podcasts ==


== Our materials for an interactive whiteboard ==


== Our pictures ==

<gallery>
File:Lake_Tekapo.jpeg|AnKa
File:Me.jpg|Katharina
File:Yosemite_National_Park.JPG|Lara
</gallery>

== Our exercises ==

SolutionsGroup5

2013-01-19T18:40:52Z

AnKa:

SolutionsGroup5

2013-01-19T18:35:49Z

AnKa:

NMTS-Group5

2013-01-19T18:31:36Z

AnKa:

{{MaterialUnderConstruction}}

(Back to the [[NMTS_Meeting_2#Groups|group overview]])

= Wikipage of Group 5 - Quantifiers =

== Overview ==

=== Members ===

* [[User:AnKa| AnKa]]
* [[User:Katharina| Katharina]]
* [[User:Lara| Lara]]

=== Short description of the topic ===


Quantifiers are words that precede and modify nouns; they indicate quantity.

There are different types of quantifiers which can be divided in quantifiers for count nouns and non-count nouns.

==== Comment ====

Count-nouns are regarded as individual, countable items:
e.g. tree

Non-count nouns are not countable, things that we regard as 'undifferentiated mass':
e.g. dancing, the water we spilled on the floor, one big mess

Nouns that can be either count or non-count nouns:
e.g. paper, stone, and cake
For instance, I can enter a bakery and say 'I want a cake' (an individual bakery product), or, before we enter, I can tell a friend that 'I want cake' and not refer to a specific cake but simply mean that the idea of eating cake appeals to me — any cake or piece of cake with chocolate frosting...

==== Examples ====

Quantifier expressions
*some
*both
*all
*everything
*nothing
*at least five
*most
*all but one
*less than half of the
*three books
*more...than
*John and Mary
*only John

Quantifiers that work with count nouns:

many / a few / several / a couple of / none of the trees

Quantifiers that work with non-count nouns:

not much / a little / a bit of / no dancing

Quantifiers that work with both count and non-count nouns:

all of the / some/ most of the / enough / a lot of trees / lots of / plenty of / a lack of trees/dancing

== Excercises ==

=== Restricted Quantifiers ===

Find the right formula for the sentence below.

''Some students who heard both concerts were interviewed by Holmes.''

:: (a) [[SolutionsGroup5#Restricted_Quantifiers_1a|[Some x: STUDENT (x)] HEAR (x, c) & INTERVIEW (h, x)]]
:: (b) [[SolutionsGroup5#Restricted_Quantifiers_1b|[Some x: STUDENT (x) & HEAR (x, c)] INTERVIEW (h, x)]]
:: (c) [[SolutionsGroup5#Restricted_Quantifiers_1c|Some x: STUDENT (x)& HEAR (x, c) & INTERVIEW (h, x)]]
:: (d) [[SolutionsGroup5#Restricted_Quantifiers_1d|[Some x: STUDENT (x) & INTERVIEW (h, x)] HEAR (x,c)]]

=== Different types of Quantifiers ===

#Which type of Quantifiers has the sentence below?
#Write down the corresponding logical formula.

''Ramon signs every sculpture he makes.''

:: (a) [[SolutionsGroup5#Types_Quantifiers_2a|existential]]
:: (b) [[SolutionsGroup5#Types_Quantifiers_2b|universal]]
:: (c) [[SolutionsGroup5#Types_Quantifiers_2c|restricted]]

[[SolutionsGroup5#Types_Quantifiers_2d|Check your solution for 2.]]

=== Scopal Ambiguity ===

# How has the following sentence scopal ambiguity?
# Write down its two possible logical forms.

''Everyone loves someone.''

[[SolutionsGroup5#Scopal_Ambiguity_3a|Check your solution for 1.]]

[[SolutionsGroup5#Scopal_Ambiguity_3b|Check your solution for 2.]]

== References and links ==

=== References ===


* Kearns, Kate (2000): ''Semantics''. New York: St Martin's Press.
* [http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/quantifier?q=quantifier| Definition of quantifier from the Oxford Online Dictionary]
* [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/generalized-quantifiers/| Definition of quantifier from the Stanford Encylopedia of Philosophy]
*http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/noun_exercise.htm
*http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm

=== Links ===


=== Related Wiki Pages ===
* [[Glossary:_Predicate| Predicate]]
* [[Editing Glossary:Quantifiers| Quantifiers]]

= Our e-learning objects =

== Our wiki pages ==


=== in the [[Basic Glossary]]: ===
* [[Glossary:Anaphora| Anaphora]]
* [[Glossary:Paraphrase| Paraphrase]]
* [[Glossary:Prototype| Prototype]]

== Our podcasts ==


== Our materials for an interactive whiteboard ==


== Our pictures ==

<gallery>
File:Lake_Tekapo.jpeg|AnKa
File:Me.jpg|Katharina
File:Yosemite_National_Park.JPG|Lara
</gallery>

== Our exercises ==

SolutionsGroup5

NMTS-Group5

2012-11-04T16:11:04Z

AnKa: /* Members */

{{MaterialUnderConstruction}}

(Back to the [[NMTS_Meeting_2#Groups|group overview]])

= Wikipage of Group 5 =

== Overview ==

=== Members ===

* [[User:AnKa| AnKa]]
* [[User:Katharina| Katharina]]
* [[User:Lara| Lara]]
* [[User:Dennis1980| Dennis1980]]
* [[User:Bianca| Bianca]]

=== Short description of the topic ===


Quantifiers are words that precede and modify nouns; they indicate quantity.

There are different types of quantifiers which can be divided in quantifiers for count nouns and non-count nouns.

==== Comment ====

Count-nouns are regarded as individual, countable items:
e.g. tree

Non-count nouns are not countable, things that we regard as 'undifferentiated mass':
e.g. dancing, the water we spilled on the floor, one big mess

Nouns that can be either count or non-count nouns:
e.g. paper, stone, and cake
For instance, I can enter a bakery and say 'I want a cake' (an individual bakery product), or, before we enter, I can tell a friend that 'I want cake' and not refer to a specific cake but simply mean that the idea of eating cake appeals to me — any cake or piece of cake with chocolate frosting...

==== Examples ====

Quantifier expressions
*some
*both
*all
*everything
*nothing
*at least five
*most
*all but one
*less than half of the
*three books
*more...than
*John and Mary
*only John

Quantifiers that work with count nouns:

many / a few / several / a couple of / none of the trees

Quantifiers that work with non-count nouns:

not much / a little / a bit of / no dancing

Quantifiers that work with both count and non-count nouns:

all of the / some/ most of the / enough / a lot of trees / lots of / plenty of / a lack of trees/dancing

== References and links ==

=== References ===


* [http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/quantifier?q=quantifier| Definition of quantifier from the Oxford Online Dictionary]
* [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/generalized-quantifiers/| Definition of quantifier from the Stanford Encylopedia of Philosophy]
*http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/noun_exercise.htm
*http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm

=== Links ===


= Our e-learning objects =

== Our wiki pages ==


* in the Glossary:
** [[Glossary:Anaphora]]: the entry for ''anaphora''
** [[Glossary:Paraphrase]]: the entry for ''paraphrase''
** [[Glossary:Prototype]]: the entry for ''prototype''

== Our podcasts ==


== Our materials for an interactive whiteboard ==


== Our pictures ==

<gallery>
File:Lake_Tekapo.jpeg|AnKa
File:Me.jpg|Katharina
File:Yosemite_National_Park.JPG|Lara
File:Bianca.jpg|Bianca
</gallery>

== Our exercises ==

2012-10-25T15:37:34Z

AnKa:

[[File:Lake_Tekapo.jpeg|thumb|right|alt=AnKA, October 2012|AnKa]]
== Licensing ==
{{cc-by-nc-dn-3.0}}

{|
|-
|Description:
|<A lake called Lake Tekapo in New Zealand>
|-
|Author:
|<AnKa>
|-
|Source:
|<url or other>
|-

|}
=AnKa=

 Goethe Universität Frankfurt am
 Lehramt für Haupt- und Realschulen

== '''Classes:''' ==
*Introduction to linguistics

== '''Interests''' ==
*lexical semantics
*sports

==Interesting links==
*http://windsurf.de/
*http://www2.uni-frankfurt.de/de?locale=de

User:AnKa

2012-10-25T15:31:08Z

AnKa: