Lexical Resource Semantics - User contributions [en]

NMTS-Group9

2013-02-25T11:41:35Z

IsaB: /* References */

{{MaterialUnderConstruction}}

= Wikipage of Group 9 =

== Overview ==

=== Members ===
'''[[User:Lisa| Lisa]]''' '''[[User:Marthe| Marthe]]''' '''[[User:Elisabeth.krall| Elisabeth]]''' '''[[User:IsaB|Isabelle]]'''

=== Short description of the topic ===

'''Predicate logic - logical connectives'''

"Predicate logic" is a linguistic concept belonging to the field of semantics, specifically syntax and grammar. Within that concept natural language is translated into a logical language (formulae) in order to illustrate the relation between a sentence, the conditions under which a given sentence is true and the circumstances in the real world.

The predicate of a sentence serves either to assign an information (property) to a single argument ("argument" here meaning a part of the sentence, such as subjects and objects) or to relate two or more arguments to each other. The predicate is seen as linking its arguments to give purpose to a sentence's content. Such a sentence can be paraphrased in a structured way which gives information about the relations between the elements of the sentence.

The purpose of Predicate logic is to avoid ambiguity in sentences by forming formulae out of natural language, which can only be interpreted in one way. Logical connectives, in form of symbols, are used to create formulae out of sentences with "and", "or", "if/then" and "not" and thereby giving information about the mentioned relations.

The aim is to be able to interpret given formulae in a way that it becomes possible to state if a given sentence is true or false regarding a given model or story that the formulae were formed from. A model in this case means the information given about all the individuals of a setting, their properties and their relations in the real world.

==== Connectives - Examples ====

===== AND =====

Symbol: Ʌ 
Sentence: Harry is a student and Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''student(harry) Ʌ teacher(snape)''']] = ''true/false''

'''Truthtable AND'''

[[File:Truthtable_AND1.png|400px]]

===== OR =====

Symbol: V 
Sentence: Harry is a student or Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''student(harry) V teacher(snape)''']] = ''true/false''

'''Truthtable OR'''

[[File:Truthtable_OR1.png|400px]]

===== IF/THEN =====

Symbol: --> 
Sentence: If Harry is a student then Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''student(harry) --> teacher(snape''')]] = ''true/false''

'''Truthtable IF/THEN'''

[[File:Truthtable_IF_THEN2.png|400px]]

===== NOT =====

Symbol: ¬ 
Sentence: Harry is not a student. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''¬student(harry)''']] = ''true/false''

The original formulae has to be false, that the overall statement is true.

'''Example:'''
Only if '''student(harry)''' is ''false'', '''¬student(harry''') is ''true''.

==== Difficulties ====
* Abstraction of content/natural language
* Understanding the whole process from creating a model to interpret formulae
* Understanding the truth conditions of a formulae with connectives

== References and links ==

=== References ===

* Course material "Introduction to Semantics" by Manfred Sailer
* Levine, Robert D., Frank Richter, and Manfred Sailer (in preparation): Formal Semantics. An Empirically Grounded Approach. Stanford: CSLI Publications. Draft of April 2012.

=== Links ===

* [http://www.philosophy.hku.hk/think/sl Sentential Logic]

* [http://www.philosophy.hku.hk/think/pl Predicate Logic]

= Our e-learning objects =

== Our wiki pages ==


* in the Glossary (only those relevant for our topic):
** [[Glossary:_Predicate| Glossary entry for ''predicate'']]
** [[Glossary:_Formulae| Glossary entry for ''formulae'']]
** [[Glossary:_I-Function| Glossary entry for ''I-Function'']]
** [[Glossary:_G-Function| Glossary entry for ''G-Function'']]
** [[Glossary:_Logical Connectives| Glossary entry for ''Logical Connective'']]

== Our podcast ==


<mediaplayer>http://youtu.be/4a3mXelw7H4</mediaplayer>

== Our material for an interactive whiteboard ==


*[http://user.uni-frankfurt.de/~sailer/nmts-wise1213/Presentation-PredicateLogic.notebook Presentation on Predicate Logic]

*[http://user.uni-frankfurt.de/~sailer/nmts-wise1213/Presentation-PredicateLogic-Comments.docx Comments on the presentation]

== Our pictures ==

<gallery>
File:Lisa.jpg|Lisa
File:MartheBerkenheide.jpg|Marthe
File:Picture liss.jpg|Elisabeth
File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|Isabelle
File:Truthtable_AND1.png|Truthtable AND
File:Truthtable_OR1.png|Truthtable OR
File:Truthtable_IF_THEN2.png|Truthtable IF THEN

</gallery>

== Our exercises ==


Complex exercise on Predicate Logic:

* [[Creation_of_the_World|Exercise 1: Creation of the World]]

* [[Formulae_and_their_interpretation|Exercise 2: Formulae and their interpretation]]

* [[Interpretation_of_formulae_with_connectives|Exercise 3: Interpretation of formulae with connectives]]

User:IsaB

2012-11-13T22:03:08Z

IsaB: /* Isabelle Brend'amour */

= Isabelle Brend'amour =
[[File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Isabelle Brend'amour 2012|Isabelle Brend'amour]]
==Personal Information==
*Contact:
**isabellebrendamour@yahoo.de

* Studies (L2):
** English
** French

*Work:
**VHS teacher
** private tutor

==Personal Interests==

* Phonetics
* using New Media in the EFL classroom
* Historical Linguistics

==Interesting Links==

[http://www.english-theatre.org English Theater Frankfurt]

[[NMTS-Group9| Predicate Logic]]

User:IsaB

2012-11-12T18:01:30Z

IsaB: /* Isabelle Brend'amour */

User:IsaB

2012-11-12T17:45:08Z

IsaB: /* Isabelle Brend'amour */

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:39:39Z

IsaB: /* Personal Information */

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:39:27Z

IsaB: /* Personal Information */

= Isabelle Brend'amour =
[[File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Isabelle Brend'amour 2012|Isabelle Brend'amour]]
==Personal Information==
*Contact:
**[isabellebrendamour@yahoo.de Isabelle Brend'amour]

* Studies (L2):
** English
** French

*Work:
**VHS teacher
** private tutor

==Personal Interests==

* Phonetics
* using New Media in the EFL classroom
* Historical Linguistics

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:38:39Z

IsaB: /* Personal Interests */

= Isabelle Brend'amour =
[[File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Isabelle Brend'amour 2012|Isabelle Brend'amour]]
==Personal Information==

* Studies (L2):
** English
** French

*Work:
**VHS teacher
** private tutor

==Personal Interests==

* Phonetics
* using New Media in the EFL classroom
* Historical Linguistics

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:38:21Z

IsaB: /* Personal Interests */

= Isabelle Brend'amour =
[[File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Isabelle Brend'amour 2012|Isabelle Brend'amour]]
==Personal Information==

* Studies (L2):
** English
** French

*Work:
**VHS teacher
** private tutor

==Personal Interests==

** Phonetics
** using New Media in the EFL classroom
** Historical Linguistics

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:37:50Z

IsaB:

= Isabelle Brend'amour =
[[File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Isabelle Brend'amour 2012|Isabelle Brend'amour]]
==Personal Information==

* Studies (L2):
** English
** French

*Work:
**VHS teacher
** private tutor

==Personal Interests==

===* Phonetics
===* using New Media in the EFL classroom
===* Historical Linguistics

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:35:39Z

IsaB: /* Personal Information */

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:34:30Z

IsaB: /* Personal Information */

= Isabelle Brend'amour =
[[File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Isabelle Brend'amour 2012|Isabelle Brend'amour]]
==Personal Information==

*Contact
* isabellebrendamour@yahoo.de

* Studies (L2):
** English
** French

*Work:
**VHS teacher
** private tutor

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:33:44Z

IsaB: /* Personal Information */

File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg

2012-10-17T10:31:20Z

IsaB:

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:31:03Z

IsaB:

= Isabelle Brend'amour =
[[File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Isabelle Brend'amour 2012|Isabelle Brend'amour]]
==Personal Information==

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:29:32Z

IsaB:

= Isabelle Brend'amour =

==Personal Information==

File:Example.jpg

2012-10-17T10:29:18Z

IsaB:

[[File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Isabelle Brend'amour 2012|Isabelle Brend'amour]]

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:24:26Z

IsaB: /* Isabelle Brend'amour */

= Isabelle Brend'amour =
[[File:IsabelleBrendamour.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Isabelle Brend'amour 2012|Isabelle Brend'amour]]]
==Personal Information==

File:Example.jpg

2012-10-17T10:20:17Z

IsaB:

User:IsaB

2012-10-17T10:12:11Z

IsaB: Created page with "= Isabelle Brend'amour = File:Example.jpg ==Personal Information=="

= Isabelle Brend'amour =
[[File:Example.jpg]]
==Personal Information==