Lexical Resource Semantics - User contributions [en]

NMTS-Group9

2013-02-21T19:39:25Z

Marthe: /* Short description of the topic */

{{MaterialUnderConstruction}}

= Wikipage of Group 9 =

== Overview ==

=== Members ===
'''[[User:Lisa| Lisa]]''' '''[[User:Marthe| Marthe]]''' '''[[User:Elisabeth.krall| Elisabeth]]''' '''[[User:IsaB|Isabelle]]'''

=== Short description of the topic ===

'''Predicate logic - logical connectives'''

"Predicate logic" is a linguistic term belonging to the field of semantics, specifically syntax and grammar. The predicate of a sentence serves either to assign an information (property) to a single argument ("argument" here meaning a part of the sentence, such as subjects and objects) or to relate two or more arguments to each other. The predicate is seen as linking its arguments to give purpose to a sentence's content. Such a sentence can be paraphrased in a structured way which gives information about the relations between the elements of the sentence.

The purpose of Predicate logic is to avoid ambiguity in sentences by forming formulae out of natural language, which can only be interpreted in one way. Logical connectives, in form of symbols, are used to create formulae out of sentences with "and", "or", "if/then" and "not" and thereby giving information about the mentioned relations.

The aim is to be able to interpret given formulae in a way that it becomes possible to state if a given sentence is true or false regarding a given model or story that the formulae were formed from. A model in this case means the information given about all the individuals of a setting, their properties and their relations.

A model would be: Ben, who has short legs, runs with his brother around the track field.

Ben and his brother are individuals, Ben's short legs are a property and both of them running together is a relation.

==== Examples ====

===== AND =====

Symbol: Ʌ 
Sentence: Harry is a student and Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''student(harry) Ʌ teacher(snape)''']] = ''true/false''

'''Truthtable AND'''

[[File:Truthtable_AND1.png|400px]]

===== OR =====

Symbol: V 
Sentence: Harry is a student or Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''student(harry) V teacher(snape)''']] = ''true/false''

'''Truthtable OR'''

[[File:Truthtable_OR1.png|400px]]

===== IF/THEN =====

Symbol: --> 
Sentence: If Harry is a student then Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''student(harry) --> teacher(snape''')]] = ''true/false''

'''Truthtable IF/THEN'''

[[File:Truthtable_IF_THEN2.png|400px]]

===== NOT =====

Symbol: ¬ 
Sentence: Harry is not a student. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''¬student(harry)''']] = ''true/false''

The original formulae has to be false, that the overall statement is true.

'''Example:'''
Only if '''student(harry)''' is ''false'', '''¬student(harry''') is ''true''.

==== Difficulties ====
* Abstraction of content/natural language
* Understanding the whole process from creating a model to interpret formulae
* Understanding the truth conditions of a formulae with connectives

== References and links ==

=== References ===

* Course material "Introduction to Semantics" by Manfred Sailer

=== Links ===

* [http://www.philosophy.hku.hk/think/sl Sentential Logic]

* [http://www.philosophy.hku.hk/think/pl Predicate Logic]

= Our e-learning objects =

== Our wiki pages ==


* in the Glossary (only those relevant for our topic):
** [[Glossary:_Predicate| Glossary entry for ''predicate'']]
** [[Glossary:_Formulae| Glossary entry for ''formulae'']]
** [[Glossary:_I-Function| Glossary entry for ''I-Function'']]
** [[Glossary:_G-Function| Glossary entry for ''G-Function'']]
** [[Glossary:_Logical Connectives| Glossary entry for ''Logical Connective'']]

== Our podcast ==


<mediaplayer>http://youtu.be/KLeSxGJ-FeI</mediaplayer>

== Our material for an interactive whiteboard ==


*[http://user.uni-frankfurt.de/~sailer/nmts-wise1213/Presentation-PredicateLogic.notebook Presentation on Predicate Logic]

*[http://user.uni-frankfurt.de/~sailer/nmts-wise1213/Presentation-PredicateLogic-Comments.docx Comments on the presentation]

== Our pictures ==

<gallery>
File:Lisa.jpg|Lisa
File:MartheBerkenheide.jpg|Marthe
File:Picture liss.jpg|Elisabeth
File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|Isabelle
File:Truthtable_AND1.png|Truthtable AND
File:Truthtable_OR1.png|Truthtable OR
File:Truthtable_IF_THEN2.png|Truthtable IF THEN

</gallery>

== Our exercises ==


Complex exercise on Predicate Logic:

* [[Creation_of_the_World|Exercise 1: Creation of the World]]

* [[Formulae_and_their_interpretation|Exercise 2: Formulae and their interpretation]]

* [[Interpretation_of_formulae_with_connectives|Exercise 3: Interpretation of formulae with connectives]]

NMTS-Group9

2013-02-21T19:35:09Z

Marthe: /* Short description of the topic */

{{MaterialUnderConstruction}}

= Wikipage of Group 9 =

== Overview ==

=== Members ===
'''[[User:Lisa| Lisa]]''' '''[[User:Marthe| Marthe]]''' '''[[User:Elisabeth.krall| Elisabeth]]''' '''[[User:IsaB|Isabelle]]'''

=== Short description of the topic ===

'''Predicate logic - logical connectives'''

"Predicate logic" is a linguistic term belonging to the field of semantics, specifically syntax and grammar. The predicate of a sentence serves either to assign an information (property) to a single argument ("argument" here meaning a part of the sentence, such as subjects and objects) or to relate two or more arguments to each other. The predicate is seen as linking its arguments to give purpose to a sentence's content. Such a sentence can be paraphrased in a structured way which gives information about the relations between the elements of the sentence.

The purpose of Predicate logic is to avoid ambiguity in sentences by forming formulae out of natural language, which can only be interpreted in one way. Logical connectives, in form of symbols, are used to create formulae out of sentences with "and", "or", "if/then" and "not" and thereby giving information about the mentioned relations.

The aim is to be able to interpret given formulae in a way that it becomes possible to state if a given sentence is true or false regarding a given model or story that the formulae were formed from. A model in this case means the information about all the individuals of a setting, their properties and their relations.

==== Examples ====

===== AND =====

Symbol: Ʌ 
Sentence: Harry is a student and Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''student(harry) Ʌ teacher(snape)''']] = ''true/false''

'''Truthtable AND'''

[[File:Truthtable_AND1.png|400px]]

===== OR =====

Symbol: V 
Sentence: Harry is a student or Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''student(harry) V teacher(snape)''']] = ''true/false''

'''Truthtable OR'''

[[File:Truthtable_OR1.png|400px]]

===== IF/THEN =====

Symbol: --> 
Sentence: If Harry is a student then Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''student(harry) --> teacher(snape''')]] = ''true/false''

'''Truthtable IF/THEN'''

[[File:Truthtable_IF_THEN2.png|400px]]

===== NOT =====

Symbol: ¬ 
Sentence: Harry is not a student. 
Formulae: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>'''¬student(harry)''']] = ''true/false''

The original formulae has to be false, that the overall statement is true.

'''Example:'''
Only if '''student(harry)''' is ''false'', '''¬student(harry''') is ''true''.

==== Difficulties ====
* Abstraction of content/natural language
* Understanding the whole process from creating a model to interpret formulae
* Understanding the truth conditions of a formulae with connectives

== References and links ==

=== References ===

* Course material "Introduction to Semantics" by Manfred Sailer

=== Links ===

* [http://www.philosophy.hku.hk/think/sl Sentential Logic]

* [http://www.philosophy.hku.hk/think/pl Predicate Logic]

= Our e-learning objects =

== Our wiki pages ==


* in the Glossary (only those relevant for our topic):
** [[Glossary:_Predicate| Glossary entry for ''predicate'']]
** [[Glossary:_Formulae| Glossary entry for ''formulae'']]
** [[Glossary:_I-Function| Glossary entry for ''I-Function'']]
** [[Glossary:_G-Function| Glossary entry for ''G-Function'']]
** [[Glossary:_Logical Connectives| Glossary entry for ''Logical Connective'']]

== Our podcast ==


<mediaplayer>http://youtu.be/KLeSxGJ-FeI</mediaplayer>

== Our material for an interactive whiteboard ==


*[http://user.uni-frankfurt.de/~sailer/nmts-wise1213/Presentation-PredicateLogic.notebook Presentation on Predicate Logic]

*[http://user.uni-frankfurt.de/~sailer/nmts-wise1213/Presentation-PredicateLogic-Comments.docx Comments on the presentation]

== Our pictures ==

<gallery>
File:Lisa.jpg|Lisa
File:MartheBerkenheide.jpg|Marthe
File:Picture liss.jpg|Elisabeth
File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|Isabelle
File:Truthtable_AND1.png|Truthtable AND
File:Truthtable_OR1.png|Truthtable OR
File:Truthtable_IF_THEN2.png|Truthtable IF THEN

</gallery>

== Our exercises ==


Complex exercise on Predicate Logic:

* [[Creation_of_the_World|Exercise 1: Creation of the World]]

* [[Formulae_and_their_interpretation|Exercise 2: Formulae and their interpretation]]

* [[Interpretation_of_formulae_with_connectives|Exercise 3: Interpretation of formulae with connectives]]

NMTS-Group9

2013-01-25T17:45:22Z

Marthe: /* Short description of the topic */

NMTS-Group9

2013-01-25T17:44:53Z

Marthe: /* Short description of the topic */

NMTS-Group9

2013-01-25T17:40:27Z

Marthe: /* Our pictures */

NMTS-Group9

2013-01-25T17:39:08Z

Marthe: /* Our pictures */

NMTS-Group9

2013-01-25T17:37:46Z

Marthe: /* Members */

AnswerEX1-d

2013-01-25T17:36:09Z

Marthe:

'''U = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>}''' 

'''Names:''' 

I (Alice) = <Alice> 

I (Paul) = <Paul> 

I (Tom) = <Tom> 

I (Lisa) = <Lisa> 

'''Properties:'''

I (wants to live in Munich) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

I (live in Berlin) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

I (live in Munich) = {} 

I (rather small) = {<Alice>, <Tom>} 

I (tall) = {<Lisa>, <Paul>} 

I (blonde) = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 

I (female) = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 

I (male) = {<Tom>, <Paul>} 

I (likes eating shoes) = {<Walter>} 

'''Interpretations functions''' 

I (doesn't care about sports) = {<Walter>} 

I (bored watching soccer) = {<Tom>, <Paul>} 

I (enjoys watching soccer) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

'''Relations:''' 

I (son of Paul) = {<Tom>} 

I (daughter of Alice) = {<Lisa>} 

I (mother of Lisa) = {<Alice>} 

I (father of Tom) = {<Paul>} 

I (enjoy watching football together) = {<Lisa, Paul, Alice, Tom>} 

I (enjoy watching soccer together) = {<Alice, Lisa>}

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]
*[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

AnswerEX1-d

2013-01-25T17:30:28Z

Marthe:

AnswerEX1-d

2013-01-25T17:30:04Z

Marthe:

'''U = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>}''' 

'''Names:''' 

I (Alice) = <Alice> 

I (Paul) = <Paul> 

I (Tom) = <Tom> 

I (Lisa) = <Lisa> 

'''Properties:'''

I (wants to live in Munich) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

I (live in Berlin) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

I (live in Munich) = {} 

I (rather small) = {<Alice>, <Tom>} 

I (tall) = {<Lisa>, <Paul>} 

I (blonde) = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 

I (female) = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 

I (male) = {<Tom>, <Paul>} 

I (likes eating shoes) = {<Walter>} 

'''Interpretations functions''' 

I (doesn't care about sports) = {<Walter>} 

I (bored watching soccer) = {<Tom>, <Paul>} 

I (enjoys watching soccer) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

'''Relations:''' 

I (son of Paul) = {<Tom>} 

I (daughter of Alice) = {<Lisa>} 

I (mother of Lisa) = {<Alice>} 

I (father of Tom) = {<Paul>} 

I (enjoy watching football together) = {<Lisa, Paul, Alice, Tom>} 

I (enjoy watching soccer together) = {<Alice, Lisa>}

AnswerEX1-d

2013-01-25T17:29:38Z

Marthe:

'''U = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>}''' 

'''Names:''' 

I (Alice) = <Alice> 

I (Paul) = <Paul> 

I (Tom) = <Tom> 

I (Lisa) = <Lisa> 

'''Properties:'''

I (wants to live in Munich) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

I (live in Berlin) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

I (live in Munich) = {} 

I (rather small) = {<Alice>, <Tom>} 

I (tall) = {<Lisa>, <Paul>} 

I (blonde) = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 

I (female) = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 

I (male) = {<Tom>, <Paul>} 

I (likes eating shoes) = {<Walter>} 

'''Interpretations functions''' 

I (doesn't care about sports) = {<Walter>} 

I (bored watching soccer) = {<Tom>, <Paul>} 

I (enjoys watching soccer) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

'''Relations:''' 

I (son of Paul) = {<Tom>} 

I (daughter of Alice) = {<Lisa>} 

I (mother of Lisa) = {<Alice>} 

I (father of Tom) = {<Paul>} 

I (enjoy watching football together) = {<Lisa, Paul, Alice, Tom>} 

I (enjoy watching soccer together) = {<Alice, Lisa>}

AnswerEX1-d

2013-01-25T17:29:20Z

Marthe:

'''U = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>}''' 

'''Names:''' 

I (Alice) = <Alice> 

I (Paul) = <Paul> 

I (Tom) = <Tom> 

I (Lisa) = <Lisa> 

'''Properties:'''

I (wants to live in Munich) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

I (live in Berlin) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

I (live in Munich) = {} 

I (rather small) = {<Alice>, <Tom>} 

I (tall) = {<Lisa>, <Paul>} 

I (blonde) = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 

I (female) = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 

I (male) = {<Tom>, <Paul>} 

I (likes eating shoes) = {<Walter>} 

'''Interpretations functions''' 

I (doesn't care about sports) = {<Walter>} 

I (bored watching soccer) = {<Tom>, <Paul>} 

I (enjoys watching soccer) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

'''Relations:''' 

I (son of Paul) = {<Tom>} 

I (daughter of Alice) = {<Lisa>} 

I (mother of Lisa) = {<Alice>} 

I (father of Tom) = {<Paul>} 

I (enjoy watching football together) = {<Lisa, Paul, Alice, Tom>} 

I (enjoy watching soccer together) = {<Alice, Lisa>}

AnswerEX1-d

2013-01-25T17:27:39Z

Marthe: Created page with "U = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} Names: I (Alice) = <Alice> I (Paul) = <Paul> I (Tom) = <Tom> I (Lisa) = <Lisa> Properties: I (wants to live in Munich) = {<Alic..."

U = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>}

Names:

I (Alice) = <Alice>

I (Paul) = <Paul>

I (Tom) = <Tom>

I (Lisa) = <Lisa>

Properties:

I (wants to live in Munich) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>}

I (live in Berlin) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>}

I (live in Munich) = {}

I (rather small) = {<Alice>, <Tom>}

I (tall) = {<Lisa>, <Paul> }

I (blonde) = {<Alice>, <Lisa>}

I (female) = {<Alice>, <Lisa>}

I (male) = {<Tom>, <Paul>}

I (likes eating shoes) = {<Walter>}

'''Interpretations functions''' 

I (doesn't care about sports) = {<Walter>} 

I (bored watching soccer) = {<Tom>, <Paul>} 

I (enjoys watching soccer) = {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Tom>, <Lisa>} 

'''Relations:''' 

I (son of Paul) = {<Tom>} 

I (daughter of Alice) = {<Lisa>} 

I (mother of Lisa) = {<Alice>} 

I (father of Tom) = {<Paul>} 

I (enjoy watching football together) = {<Lisa, Paul, Alice, Tom>} 

I (enjoy watching soccer together) = {<Alice, Lisa>}

Formulae and their interpretation

2013-01-25T17:24:26Z

Marthe:

""2 a) Which of the following expressions of predicate logic are formulae? Give an explanation for your decision. If the expression is not a formula try to change it into one. To check your answer click on the single expressions.""

'''*[[AnswerEX2-a1|family dog]]'''

'''*[[AnswerEX2-a2|blonde(Alice,Paul)]]'''

'''*[[AnswerEX2-a3|father of someone(Alice,Lisa)]]'''

'''*[[AnswerEX2-a4|tall(Alice)]]'''

'''*[[AnswerEX2-a5|enjoy watching football together]]'''

For a general explanation of formulae [[General_Explanation_Formulae|Click here]]

""b) Interpret the following formulae as true or false. If you have not defined these relations or properties in your World use the ones given in the World of task 1. See here. (Link zur Antwort)""
To check your answer click on the single formulae.

'''* [[AnswerEX2-b1|father of someone(Paul,Lisa)]]'''

'''* [[AnswerEX-b2|blonde(Walter)]]'''

'''* [[AnswerEX-b3|enjoy watching football together(Alice,Tom)]]'''

====Navigation====

'''[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]'''

Formulae and their interpretation

2013-01-25T17:23:37Z

Marthe:

""2 a) Which of the following expressions of predicate logic are formulae? Give an explanation for your decision. If the expression is not a formula try to change it into one. To check your answer click on the single expressions.""

'''*[[AnswerEX2-a1|family dog]]'''

'''*[[AnswerEX2-a2|blonde(Alice,Paul)]]'''

*[[AnswerEX2-a3|father of someone(Alice,Lisa)]]

*[[AnswerEX2-a4|tall(Alice)]]

*[[AnswerEX2-a5|enjoy watching football together]]

For a general explanation of formulae [[General_Explanation_Formulae|Click here]]

""b) Interpret the following formulae as true or false. If you have not defined these relations or properties in your World use the ones given in the World of task 1. See here. (Link zur Antwort)""
To check your answer click on the single formulae.

* [[AnswerEX2-b1|father of someone(Paul,Lisa)]]

* [[AnswerEX-b2|blonde(Walter)]]

* [[AnswerEX-b3|enjoy watching football together(Alice,Tom)]]

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T17:23:02Z

Marthe:

'''The real world'''

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are Tom and Lisa's parents. Both Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching American football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family's dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

'''1.)'''

''Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and notation we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties. You will need a pen and paper to write down your answers!''

'''a.)''' Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct notation.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-a|Check your answers]]'''

'''b.)''' Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget: empty sets are possible!

'''*[[AnswerEX1-b|Check your answers]]'''

'''c.)''' Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-c|Check your answers]]'''

'''d.)''' Write down the I-functions (interpretation functions) for a, b and c.'''

'''*[[AnswerEX1-d|Check your answers]]'''

====Navigation====

'''[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]'''

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T17:20:13Z

Marthe: /* Navigation */

'''The real world'''

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are Tom and Lisa's parents. Both Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching American football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family's dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

'''1.)'''

''Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and notation we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties. You will need a pen and paper to write down your answers!''

'''a.)''' Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct notation.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-a|Check your answers]]'''

'''b.)''' Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget: empty sets are possible!

'''*[[AnswerEX1-b|Check your answers]]'''

'''c.)''' Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-c|Check your answers]]'''

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T17:19:58Z

Marthe:

'''The real world'''

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are Tom and Lisa's parents. Both Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching American football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family's dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

'''1.)'''

''Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and notation we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties. You will need a pen and paper to write down your answers!''

'''a.)''' Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct notation.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-a|Check your answers]]'''

'''b.)''' Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget: empty sets are possible!

'''*[[AnswerEX1-b|Check your answers]]'''

'''c.)''' Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-c|Check your answers]]'''

====Navigation====

"""[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]"""

Formulae and their interpretation

2013-01-25T17:16:56Z

Marthe:

""2 a) Which of the following expressions of predicate logic are formulae? Give an explanation for your decision. If the expression is not a formula try to change it into one. To check your answer click on the single expressions.""

*[[AnswerEX2-a1|family dog]]

*[[AnswerEX2-a2|blonde(Alice,Paul)]]

*[[AnswerEX2-a3|father of someone(Alice,Lisa)]]

*[[AnswerEX2-a4|tall(Alice)]]

*[[AnswerEX2-a5|enjoy watching football together]]

For a general explanation of formulae [[General_Explanation_Formulae|Click here]]

""b) Interpret the following formulae as true or false. If you have not defined these relations or properties in your World use the ones given in the World of task 1. See here. (Link zur Antwort)""
To check your answer click on the single formulae.

* [[AnswerEX2-b1|father of someone(Paul,Lisa)]]

* [[AnswerEX-b2|blonde(Walter)]]

* [[AnswerEX-b3|enjoy watching football together(Alice,Tom)]]

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

Formulae and their interpretation

2013-01-25T17:16:03Z

Marthe:

""2 a) Which of the following expressions of predicate logic are formulae? Give an explanation for your decision. If the expression is not a formula try to change it into one. To check your answer click on the single expressions.""

"""*[[AnswerEX2-a1|family dog]]"""

"""*[[AnswerEX2-a2|blonde(Alice,Paul)]]"""

"""*[[AnswerEX2-a3|father of someone(Alice,Lisa)]]"""

"""*[[AnswerEX2-a4|tall(Alice)]]"""

"""*[[AnswerEX2-a5|enjoy watching football together]]"""

For a general explanation of formulae [[General_Explanation_Formulae|Click here]]

""b) Interpret the following formulae as true or false. If you have not defined these relations or properties in your World use the ones given in the World of task 1. See here. (Link zur Antwort)""
To check your answer click on the single formulae.

"""* [[AnswerEX2-b1|father of someone(Paul,Lisa)]]"""

"""* [[AnswerEX-b2|blonde(Walter)]]"""

"""* [[AnswerEX-b3|enjoy watching football together(Alice,Tom)]]"""

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T17:11:30Z

Marthe:

'''The real world'''

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are Tom and Lisa's parents. Both Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching American football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family's dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

'''1.)'''

''Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and notation we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties. You will need a pen and paper to write down your answers!''

'''a.)''' Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct notation.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-a|Check your answers]]'''

'''b.)''' Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget: empty sets are possible!

'''*[[AnswerEX1-b|Check your answers]]'''

'''c.)''' Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-c|Check your answers]]'''

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

AnswerEX1-c

2013-01-25T17:10:34Z

Marthe:

'''relations''' 

son of someone: {<x,y>/x is the son of y} = {<Tom,Paul>,<Tom,Alice>} 
father of someone: {<x,y>/ x is the father of y} ={<Paul,Tom>, <Paul, Lisa>} 
daughter of someone: {<x,y>/ x is the daughter of y} ={Lisa, Paul}, {Lisa, Alice} 
mother of someone: {<x,y>/ x is the mother of y} ={Alice, Lisa}, {Alice,Paul} 
enjoy watching football games together: {<x,y>/x enjoys watching football with y and y enjoys watching football with x} = {<Alice, Paul>, <Paul, Alice>, <Lisa, Alice>, <Alice, Lisa>,<Alice, Tom>, <Tom, Alice>, <Paul, Lisa>, <Lisa, Paul>, <Paul, Tom>, <Tom, Paul>, <Tom, Lisa>, <Lisa, Tom>}

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]
*[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

AnswerEX1-b

2013-01-25T17:09:40Z

Marthe:

'''These are the possible answers:''' 
rather small: {x/x is rather small} = {<Tom>,<Alice>} 
tall: {x/x is tall} = {<Paul>, <Lisa>} 
blonde:{x/x is blonde} = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 
female: {x/x is female} = {<Lisa>,<Alice>} 
male: {x/x is male} = {<Tom>,<Paul>} 
bored watching soccer: {x/x gets bored watching soccer} = {<Tom>,<Paul>} 
enjoys watching football: {x/x enjoys watching football} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Lisa>, <Paul>} 
doesn't care about sports: {x/x doesn’t care about sports} = {<Walter>} 
likes eating shoes: {x/x likes eating shoes} = {<Walter>} 
live in Berlin: {x/x live in Berlin} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Lisa>, <Paul>} 
want to live in Munich: {x/x is rather small} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Paul>, <Lisa>} 
live in Munich: {x/x live in Munich} = {}

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]
*[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

AnswerEX1-b

2013-01-25T17:08:13Z

Marthe:

'''These are the possible answers:''' 
rather small: {x/x is rather small} = {<Tom>,<Alice>} 
tall: {x/x is tall} = {<Paul>, <Lisa>} 
blonde:{x/x is blonde} = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 
female: {x/x is female} = {<Lisa>,<Alice>} 
male: {x/x is male} = {<Tom>,<Paul>} 
bored watching soccer: {x/x gets bored watching soccer} = {<Tom>,<Paul>} 
enjoys watching football: {x/x enjoys watching football} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Lisa>, <Paul>} 
doesn't care about sports: {x/x doesn’t care about sports} = {<Walter>} 
likes eating shoes: {x/x likes eating shoes} = {<Walter>} 
live in Berlin: {x/x live in Berlin} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Lisa>, <Paul>} 
want to live in Munich: {x/x is rather small} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Paul>, <Lisa>} 
live in Munich: {x/x live in Munich} = {}

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]
*[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

AnswerEX1-a

2013-01-25T17:07:25Z

Marthe:

These are the '''individuals''' of the story:
Alice 
Paul 
Lisa 
Tom 
Walter 

This is the '''correct writing''' in predicate logic language:

'''U= {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Lisa>, <Tom>, <Walter>}'''

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]
*[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

AnswerEX1-a

2013-01-25T17:07:09Z

Marthe:

These are the individuals of the story:
Alice 
Paul 
Lisa 
Tom 
Walter 

This is the '''correct writing''' in predicate logic language:

'''U= {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Lisa>, <Tom>, <Walter>}'''

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]
*[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T17:05:36Z

Marthe:

'''The real world'''

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are Tom and Lisa's parents. Both Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching American football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family's dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

'''1.)'''

Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and notation we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties. You will need a pen and paper to write down your answers!

'''a.)''' Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct notation.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-a|Check your answers]]'''

'''b.)''' Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget: empty sets are possible!

'''*[[AnswerEX1-b|Check your answers]]'''

'''c.)''' Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-c|Check your answers]]'''

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T17:04:41Z

Marthe:

'''The real world'''

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are Tom and Lisa's parents. Both Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching American football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family's dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

1.)

Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and notation we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties. You will need a pen and paper to write down your answers!

a.) Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct notation.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-a|Check your answers]]'''

b.) Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget: empty sets are possible!

'''*[[AnswerEX1-b|Check your answers]]'''

c.) Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

'''*[[AnswerEX1-c|Check your answers]]'''

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

AnswerEX1-c

2013-01-25T13:32:38Z

Marthe: /* Navigation */

son of someone: {<x,y>/x is the son of y} = {<Tom,Paul>,<Tom,Alice>} 
father of someone: {<x,y>/ x is the father of y} ={<Paul,Tom>, <Paul, Lisa>} 
daughter of someone: {<x,y>/ x is the daughter of y} ={Lisa, Paul}, {Lisa, Alice} 
mother of someone: {<x,y>/ x is the mother of y} ={Alice, Lisa}, {Alice,Paul} 
enjoy watching football games together: {<x,y>/x enjoys watching football with y and y enjoys watching football with x} = {<Alice, Paul>, <Paul, Alice>, <Lisa, Alice>, <Alice, Lisa>,<Alice, Tom>, <Tom, Alice>, <Paul, Lisa>, <Lisa, Paul>, <Paul, Tom>, <Tom, Paul>, <Tom, Lisa>, <Lisa, Tom>}

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]
*[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

AnswerEX1-a

2013-01-25T13:32:08Z

Marthe: /* Navigation */

These are the individuals of the story:
Alice
Paul
Lisa
Tom
Walter

This is the correct writing in predicate logic language:

U= {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Lisa>, <Tom>, <Walter>}

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]
*[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

AnswerEX1-b

2013-01-25T13:31:40Z

Marthe: /* Navigation */

These are the possible answers: 
rather small: {x/x is rather small} = {<Tom>,<Alice>} 
tall: {x/x is tall} = {<Paul>, <Lisa>} 
blonde:{x/x is blonde} = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} 
female: {x/x is female} = {<Lisa>,<Alice>} 
male: {x/x is male} = {<Tom>,<Paul>} 
bored watching soccer: {x/x gets bored watching soccer} = {<Tom>,<Paul>} 
enjoys watching football: {x/x enjoys watching football} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Lisa>, <Paul>} 
doesn't care about sports: {x/x doesn’t care about sports} = {<Walter>} 
likes eating shoes: {x/x likes eating shoes} = {<Walter>} 
live in Berlin: {x/x live in Berlin} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Lisa>, <Paul>} 
want to live in Munich: {x/x is rather small} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Paul>, <Lisa>} 
live in Munich: {x/x live in Munich} = {}

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]
*[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

AnswerEX1-c

2013-01-25T13:31:06Z

Marthe:

AnswerEX1-c

2013-01-25T13:30:13Z

Marthe:

AnswerEX1-b

2013-01-25T13:29:32Z

Marthe:

AnswerEX1-a

2013-01-25T13:27:01Z

Marthe:

AnswerEX1-b

2013-01-25T13:26:44Z

Marthe:

These are the possible answers:
rather small: {x/x is rather small} = {<Tom>,<Alice>}
tall: {x/x is tall} = {<Paul>, <Lisa>}
blonde:{x/x is blonde} = {<Alice>, <Lisa>}
female: {x/x is female} = {<Lisa>,<Alice>}
male: {x/x is male} = {<Tom>,<Paul>}
bored watching soccer: {x/x gets bored watching soccer} = {<Tom>,<Paul>}
enjoys watching football: {x/x enjoys watching football} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Lisa>, <Paul>}
doesn't care about sports: {x/x doesn’t care about sports} = {<Walter>}
likes eating shoes: {x/x likes eating shoes} = {<Walter>}
live in Berlin: {x/x live in Berlin} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Lisa>, <Paul>}
want to live in Munich: {x/x is rather small} = {<Tom>,<Alice>, <Paul>, <Lisa>}
live in Munich: {x/x live in Munich} = {}

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]

AnswerEX1-c

2013-01-25T13:26:24Z

Marthe:

son of someone: {<x,y>/x is the son of y} = {<Tom,Paul>,<Tom,Alice>}
father of someone: {<x,y>/ x is the father of y} ={<Paul,Tom>, <Paul, Lisa>}
daughter of someone: {<x,y>/ x is the daughter of y} ={Lisa, Paul}, {Lisa, Alice}
mother of someone: {<x,y>/ x is the mother of y} ={Alice, Lisa}, {Alice,Paul}
enjoy watching football games together: {<x,y>/x enjoys watching football with y and y enjoys watching football with x} = {<Alice, Paul>, <Paul, Alice>, <Lisa, Alice>, <Alice, Lisa>,<Alice, Tom>, <Tom, Alice>, <Paul, Lisa>, <Lisa, Paul>, <Paul, Tom>, <Tom, Paul>, <Tom, Lisa>, <Lisa, Tom>}

====Navigation====

*[[Creation_of_the_World|Link to the current exercise]]

AnswerEX1-c

2013-01-25T13:25:17Z

Marthe:

AnswerEX1-c

2013-01-25T13:23:42Z

Marthe: Created page with "son of someone: {<x,y>/x is the son of y} = {<Tom,Paul>,<Tom,Alice>} father of someone: {<x,y>/ x is the father of y} ={<Paul,Tom>, <Paul, Lisa>} daughter of someone: {<x,y>/ ..."

AnswerEX1-b

2013-01-25T13:22:55Z

Marthe: Created page with "These are the possible answers: rather small: {x/x is rather small} = {<Tom>,<Alice>} tall: {x/x is tall} = {<Paul>, <Lisa>} blonde:{x/x is blonde} = {<Alice>, <Lisa>} female..."

AnswerEX1-a

2013-01-25T13:21:45Z

Marthe: Created page with "These are the individuals of the story: Alice Paul Lisa Tom Walter This is the correct writing in predicate logic language: U= {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Lisa>, <Tom>, <Walter>}"

These are the individuals of the story:
Alice
Paul
Lisa
Tom
Walter

This is the correct writing in predicate logic language:

U= {<Alice>, <Paul>, <Lisa>, <Tom>, <Walter>}

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T13:21:14Z

Marthe:

The real world

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are Tom and Lisa's parents. Both Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching American football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family's dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

1.)

Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and notation we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties. You will need a pen and paper to write down your answers!

a.) Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct notation.

*[[AnswerEX1-a|Check your answers]]

b.) Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget: empty sets are possible!

*[[AnswerEX1-b|Check your answers]]

c.) Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

*[[AnswerEX1-c|Check your answers]]

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T13:19:28Z

Marthe:

The real world

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are Tom and Lisa's parents. Both Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching American football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family's dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

1.)

Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and notation we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties. You will need a pen and paper to write down your answers!

a.) Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct notation.

*[[AnswerEX2-a1|Check your answers]]

b.) Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget: empty sets are possible!

*[[AnswerEX2-a1|Check your answers]]

c.) Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

*[[AnswerEX2-a1|Check your answers]]

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T13:16:55Z

Marthe:

The real world

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are Tom and Lisa's parents. Both Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching American football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family's dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

1.)

Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and notation we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties.

a.) Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct notation.

b.) Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget: empty sets are possible!

c.) Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T13:13:04Z

Marthe:

Marthe´s Aufgabe

The real world

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are the parents of Tom and Lisa. Both, Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

1.)

Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and writing we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties.

a.) Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct writing.

b.) Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget, empty sets are possible!

c.) Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

Creation of the World

2013-01-25T13:06:26Z

Marthe: /* Navigation */

Marthe´s Aufgabe

====Navigation====

[[NMTS-Group9|Link to the Wiki Page]]

The real world

At the time Alice, Paul, Tom and Lisa live in Berlin, but they rather want to live in Munich. Alice is married to Paul. They are the parents of Tom and Lisa. Both, Lisa and her father are tall, while Alice and Tom are rather small. Lisa and her mom share the same hair color, which is blonde. The family enjoys watching football games together. But while the girls also like watching soccer, the boys get bored of it. Walter, the family dog, doesn't care about sports at all, he likes to eat their shoes.

1.)

Take a look at the story above. Using predicate logic terms and writing we now want to define the world described in the story. First we need our individuals, their relations and possible properties.

a.) Define the universe described in the “Real World Scenario”. Make sure you use the correct writing.

b.) Choose three individuals from those mentioned in the story and map them to 3 of the properties mentioned in the story. Don't forget, empty sets are possible!

c.) Write down the possible relations mentioned in the story and map them to the individuals you wrote down in a.

NMTS-Group9

2012-10-30T09:43:14Z

Marthe: /* Our wiki pages */

{{MaterialUnderConstruction}}

= Wikipage of Group 5 =

== Overview ==

=== Members ===
[[User:Lisa| Lisa]] [[User:Marthe| Marthe]] [[User:Helena| Helena]] [[User:Elisabeth.krall| Elisabeth]] [[User:IsaB|Isabelle]]

=== Short description of the topic ===

'''Predicate logic - logical connectives'''

The purpose of Predicate logic is to avoid ambiguity in sentences by forming formulae out of natural language. Logical connectives are used to create formulae out of sentences with "and", "or", "if/then" and "not". The aim is to state if the given sentence is true or false in a given model.

==== Examples ====
===== and =====
Symbol: Ʌ 
Sentence: Harry is a student and Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) Ʌ teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== or =====
Symbol: V 
Sentence: Harry is a student or Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) V teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== if/then =====
Symbol: --> 
Sentence: If Harry is a student then Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) --> teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== not =====
Symbol: ¬ 
Sentence: Harry is not a student. 
Formulae: [[¬student (harry)]] = true/false

==== Difficulties ====
* Abstraction of content/natural language
* Understanding the whole process from creating a model to interpret formulae
* Understanding the truth conditions of a formulae with connectives

== References and links ==

=== References ===

* Course material "Introduction to Semantics" by Manfred Sailer

=== Links ===

* [http://www.philosophy.hku.hk/think/sl Sentential Logic]

* [http://www.philosophy.hku.hk/think/pl Predicate Logic]

= Our e-learning objects =

== Our wiki pages ==


* in the Glossary:
** [[Glossary:Hyponym]]: the entry for ''hyponym''
** [[Glossary:_Predicate]]: the entry for ''predicate''
** [[Glossary:_Formulae]]: the entry for ''formulae''

== Our podcasts ==


== Our materials for an interactive whiteboard ==


== Our pictures ==

<gallery>
File:Lisa.jpg|Lisa
File:MartheBerkenheide.jpg|Marthe
File:Picture liss.jpg|Elisabeth
File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|Isabelle
File:Helena.jpg|

</gallery>

== Our exercises ==

NMTS-Group9

2012-10-30T09:39:39Z

Marthe: /* Our pictures */

{{MaterialUnderConstruction}}

= Wikipage of Group 5 =

== Overview ==

=== Members ===
[[User:Lisa| Lisa]] [[User:Marthe| Marthe]] [[User:Helena| Helena]] [[User:Elisabeth.krall| Elisabeth]] [[User:IsaB|Isabelle]]

=== Short description of the topic ===

'''Predicate logic - logical connectives'''

The purpose of Predicate logic is to avoid ambiguity in sentences by forming formulae out of natural language. Logical connectives are used to create formulae out of sentences with "and", "or", "if/then" and "not". The aim is to state if the given sentence is true or false in a given model.

==== Examples ====
===== and =====
Symbol: Ʌ 
Sentence: Harry is a student and Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) Ʌ teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== or =====
Symbol: V 
Sentence: Harry is a student or Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) V teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== if/then =====
Symbol: --> 
Sentence: If Harry is a student then Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) --> teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== not =====
Symbol: ¬ 
Sentence: Harry is not a student. 
Formulae: [[¬student (harry)]] = true/false

==== Difficulties ====
* Abstraction of content/natural language
* Understanding the whole process from creating a model to interpret formulae
* Understanding the truth conditions of a formulae with connectives

== References and links ==

=== References ===

* Course material "Introduction to Semantics" by Manfred Sailer

=== Links ===

* [http://www.philosophy.hku.hk/think/sl Sentential Logic]

* [http://www.philosophy.hku.hk/think/pl Predicate Logic]

= Our e-learning objects =

== Our wiki pages ==


* in the Glossary:
** [[Glossary:Hyponym]]: the entry for ''hyponym''
** [[Glossary:_Predicate]]: the entry for ''predicate''

== Our podcasts ==


== Our materials for an interactive whiteboard ==


== Our pictures ==

<gallery>
File:Lisa.jpg|Lisa
File:MartheBerkenheide.jpg|Marthe
File:Picture liss.jpg|Elisabeth
File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|Isabelle
File:Helena.jpg|

</gallery>

== Our exercises ==

NMTS-Group9

2012-10-26T18:08:01Z

Marthe: /* Links */

{{MaterialUnderConstruction}}

= Wikipage of Group 5 =

== Overview ==

=== Members ===
[[User:Lisa| Lisa]] [[User:Marthe| Marthe]] [[User:Helena| Helena]] [[User:Elisabeth.krall| Elisabeth]] [[User:IsaB|Isabelle]]

=== Short description of the topic ===

'''Predicate logic - logical connectives'''

The purpose of Predicate logic is to avoid ambiguity in sentences by forming formulae out of natural language. Logical connectives are used to create formulae out of sentences with "and", "or", "if/then" and "not". The aim is to state if the given sentence is true or false in a given model.

==== Examples ====
===== and =====
Symbol: Ʌ 
Sentence: Harry is a student and Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) Ʌ teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== or =====
Symbol: V 
Sentence: Harry is a student or Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) V teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== if/then =====
Symbol: --> 
Sentence: If Harry is a student then Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) --> teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== not =====
Symbol: ¬ 
Sentence: Harry is not a student. 
Formulae: [[¬student (harry)]] = true/false

==== Difficulties ====
* Abstraction of content/natural language
* Understanding the whole process from creating a model to interpret formulae
* Understanding the truth conditions of a formulae with connectives

== References and links ==

=== References ===

* Course material "Introduction to Semantics" by Manfred Sailer

=== Links ===

[http://philosophy.hku.hk/think/sl/| Sentential Logic]

[http://philosophy.hku.hk/think/pl/| Predicate Logic]

= Our e-learning objects =

== Our wiki pages ==


* in the Glossary:
** [[Glossary:Hyponym]]: the entry for ''hyponym''
** [[Glossary:_Predicate]]: the entry for ''predicate''

== Our podcasts ==


== Our materials for an interactive whiteboard ==


== Our pictures ==

<gallery>
File:Lisa.jpg|Lisa
File:MartheBerkenheide.jpg|Marthe
File:Picture liss.jpg|Elisabeth
File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|Isabelle

</gallery>

== Our exercises ==

NMTS-Group9

2012-10-26T18:07:38Z

Marthe: /* Links */

{{MaterialUnderConstruction}}

= Wikipage of Group 5 =

== Overview ==

=== Members ===
[[User:Lisa| Lisa]] [[User:Marthe| Marthe]] [[User:Helena| Helena]] [[User:Elisabeth.krall| Elisabeth]] [[User:IsaB|Isabelle]]

=== Short description of the topic ===

'''Predicate logic - logical connectives'''

The purpose of Predicate logic is to avoid ambiguity in sentences by forming formulae out of natural language. Logical connectives are used to create formulae out of sentences with "and", "or", "if/then" and "not". The aim is to state if the given sentence is true or false in a given model.

==== Examples ====
===== and =====
Symbol: Ʌ 
Sentence: Harry is a student and Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) Ʌ teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== or =====
Symbol: V 
Sentence: Harry is a student or Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) V teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== if/then =====
Symbol: --> 
Sentence: If Harry is a student then Snape is a teacher. 
Formulae: [[student (harry) --> teacher (snape)]] = true/false

===== not =====
Symbol: ¬ 
Sentence: Harry is not a student. 
Formulae: [[¬student (harry)]] = true/false

==== Difficulties ====
* Abstraction of content/natural language
* Understanding the whole process from creating a model to interpret formulae
* Understanding the truth conditions of a formulae with connectives

== References and links ==

=== References ===

* Course material "Introduction to Semantics" by Manfred Sailer

=== Links ===


[http://philosophy.hku.hk/think/sl/| Sentential Logic]

[[http://philosophy.hku.hk/think/pl/| Predicate Logic]]

= Our e-learning objects =

== Our wiki pages ==


* in the Glossary:
** [[Glossary:Hyponym]]: the entry for ''hyponym''
** [[Glossary:_Predicate]]: the entry for ''predicate''

== Our podcasts ==


== Our materials for an interactive whiteboard ==


== Our pictures ==

<gallery>
File:Lisa.jpg|Lisa
File:MartheBerkenheide.jpg|Marthe
File:Picture liss.jpg|Elisabeth
File:IsabelleBrend'amour.jpg|Isabelle

</gallery>

== Our exercises ==