NMTS Meeting 14 - Revision history

Manfred: /* Exercise 5: Quantifiers */

2013-02-05T00:55:59Z

Exercise 5: Quantifiers

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	# Identify '''three''' quantifiers in the text.		# Identify '''three''' quantifiers in the text.
	# Define their meaning.		# Define their meaning.
	# Check whether the sentences in which the quantifiers occur are ambiguous		# Check whether the sentences in which the quantifiers occur are ambiguous.
	# Try to sketch a formal semantic representation of one of these ~~form~~.		# Try to sketch a formal semantic representation of one of these.

	==== Exercise 8: Sorts and types ====		==== Exercise 8: Sorts and types ====

Manfred: /* Exercise 8: Sorts and types */

2013-01-31T23:42:41Z

Exercise 8: Sorts and types

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	Use the material from the text. Identify the following persons and objects:		Use the material from the text. Identify the following persons and objects:
	# types: predicates of the following types: <br />a. <e,<e,t>><br />b. <e,t><br />		# types: predicates of the following types: <br />a. <e,<e,t>><br />b. <e,t><br />''Example:'' The word ''whistle'' as in ''In a few minutes he begins to whistle a lively tune.'' from the text can be translated as the predicate '''whistle'''. This predicate is of type <e,<e,t>>.
	''Example:'' The word ''whistle'' as in ''In a few minutes he begins to whistle a lively tune.'' from the text can be translated as the predicate '''whistle'''. This predicate is of type <e,<e,t>>.
	# sorts: <br />a. an event<br />b. an atomic object<br />c. a group object<br />''Example:'' In the sentence ''He had little schooling.'', the NP ''little schooling'' refers to a mass. The determiner ''little'' can only be used with mass nouns, not with singular count nouns (*''He has little book.'').		# sorts: <br />a. an event<br />b. an atomic object<br />c. a group object<br />''Example:'' In the sentence ''He had little schooling.'', the NP ''little schooling'' refers to a mass. The determiner ''little'' can only be used with mass nouns, not with singular count nouns (*''He has little book.'').

Manfred: /* Exercise 8: Sorts and types */

2013-01-31T23:42:20Z

Exercise 8: Sorts and types

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	Use the material from the text. Identify the following persons and objects:		Use the material from the text. Identify the following persons and objects:
	# types: predicates of the following types: <br />a. <e,<e,t>><br />b. <e,t>		# types: predicates of the following types: <br />a. <e,<e,t>><br />b. <e,t><br />
	# sorts: <br />a. an event<br />b. an atomic object<br />c. a group object		''Example:'' The word ''whistle'' as in ''In a few minutes he begins to whistle a lively tune.'' from the text can be translated as the predicate '''whistle'''. This predicate is of type <e,<e,t>>.
			# sorts: <br />a. an event<br />b. an atomic object<br />c. a group object<br />''Example:'' In the sentence ''He had little schooling.'', the NP ''little schooling'' refers to a mass. The determiner ''little'' can only be used with mass nouns, not with singular count nouns (*''He has little book.'').

Manfred: /* Exercise 8: Sorts and types */

2013-01-31T23:28:28Z

Exercise 8: Sorts and types

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	==== Exercise 8: Sorts and types ====		==== Exercise 8: Sorts and types ====

	Identify the following persons and objects:		Use the material from the text. Identify the following persons and objects:
	# types: predicates of the following types: <br />a. <e,<e,t>><br />b. <e,t>		# types: predicates of the following types: <br />a. <e,<e,t>><br />b. <e,t>
	# sorts: <br />a. an event<br />b. a group object		# sorts: <br />a. an event<br />b. an atomic object<br />c. a group object

Manfred: /* Exercise 9: Predicate logic */

2013-01-31T23:23:15Z

Exercise 9: Predicate logic

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	==== Exercise 9: Predicate logic ====		==== Exercise 9: Predicate logic ====

	# Define a model with four characters from the text passage. Define appropriate name constants for your characters.<br />Example: if you choose ''~~Samson~~'' as one of your individuals, an appropriate name constant would be '''samson'''.		# Define a model with four characters from the text passage. Define appropriate name constants for your characters.<br />Example: if you choose <u>''samson''</u> as one of your individuals, an appropriate name constant would be '''samson'''.
	# Define two properties related to the information from the text. Which of your four indivduals have these properties? Define appropriate property predicates for your properties<br />Example: if you choose ''traveler'' as one of your properties, the person ''~~Samson~~'' would have this property. The predicate could be '''traveler'''. Then, you can write down the formula '''traveler'''('''samson'''). Given your model, this formula is true.		# Define two properties related to the information from the text. Which of your four indivduals have these properties? Define appropriate property predicates for your properties<br />Example: if you choose <u>''traveler''</u> as one of your properties, the person <u>''samson''</u> would have this property. The predicate could be '''traveler'''. Then, you can write down the formula '''traveler'''('''samson'''). Given your model, this formula is true.

	==== Exercise 5: Quantifiers ====		==== Exercise 5: Quantifiers ====

Manfred: /* Formal encoding */

2013-01-31T23:20:26Z

Formal encoding

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	* We use ''italic'' for English words, such as the word ''traveler''.		* We use ''italic'' for English words, such as the word ''traveler''.
	* We use '''bold face''' for semantic predicates, such as the 1-place predicate '''traveler'''.		* We use '''bold face''' for semantic predicates, such as the 1-place predicate '''traveler'''.
	* We use ''~~Capital italics~~'' for semantic objects (individuals), such as ''~~Samson~~'' (the individual), ''~~Traveler~~'' (the set of travelers)		* We use <u>''underlined italic''</u> for semantic objects (individuals), such as <u>''samson''</u> (the individual), <u>''traveler''</u> (the set of travelers)

	==== Exercise 9: Predicate logic ====		==== Exercise 9: Predicate logic ====

Manfred: /* Exercise 1: Ambiguity */

2013-01-31T23:17:15Z

Exercise 1: Ambiguity

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	# Identify '''two''' ambiguous sentences in the text passage.		# Identify '''two''' ambiguous sentences in the text passage.
	# Provide unambiguous paraphrases for the readings.		# Provide unambiguous paraphrases for the readings. Which reading is intended/more plausible in the context?
	# Give a linguistic characterization of what causes the ambiguity.		# Give a linguistic characterization of what causes the ambiguity.
	# What type of ambiguity is it?		# What type of ambiguity is it?

Manfred: /* Practice */

2013-01-30T02:14:03Z

Practice

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	= Practice =		= Practice =

	~~<span style="color:darkred">Attention: the exercise is not ready yet! Please start working on it only once this comment has been removed!</span>~~

	== Text passage ==		== Text passage ==

Manfred: /* Exercises */

2013-01-30T02:13:45Z

Exercises

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	== Exercises ==		== Exercises ==

	~~<span style="color:darkred">Attention: the exercise is not ready yet! Please start working on it only once this comment has been removed!</span>~~

	=== Basic Notions ===		=== Basic Notions ===

Manfred: /* Exercises */

2013-01-30T02:13:26Z

Exercises

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:13, 30 January 2013
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	<span style="color:darkred">Attention: the exercise is not ready yet! Please start working on it only once this comment has been removed!</span>		<span style="color:darkred">Attention: the exercise is not ready yet! Please start working on it only once this comment has been removed!</span>

			=== Basic Notions ===
	=== Exercise 1: Ambiguity ===		==== Exercise 1: Ambiguity ====

	# Identify '''two''' ambiguous sentences in the text passage.		# Identify '''two''' ambiguous sentences in the text passage.
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	# What type of ambiguity is it?		# What type of ambiguity is it?

	=== Exercise 2: Basic semantic relations ===		==== Exercise 2: Basic semantic relations ====

	# Identify '''two''' ambiguous words in the passage.		# Identify '''two''' ambiguous words in the passage.
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	# The word ''poor'' is used in two different meanings in the text. Explain them and determine the meaning relation between these two readings.		# The word ''poor'' is used in two different meanings in the text. Explain them and determine the meaning relation between these two readings.

	=== Exercise 3: Presuppositions ===		==== Exercise 3: Presuppositions ====

	Look at the dialogue passages from the text.		Look at the dialogue passages from the text.
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	# Classify the presuppositions that you found in 1.		# Classify the presuppositions that you found in 1.

	=== Exercise 4: Implicature ===		==== Exercise 4: Implicature ====

	# In the description of his children, Samson violates some conversational maxims. Illustrate this. Which maxims are violated. What is the rhetoric effect? Can any special implicatures be drawn from this?		# In the description of his children, Samson violates some conversational maxims. Illustrate this. Which maxims are violated. What is the rhetoric effect? Can any special implicatures be drawn from this?
	# Find '''one''' other implicature in the text. On which maxim is it based? Show that it is an implicature rather than a presupposition or an entailment.		# Find '''one''' other implicature in the text. On which maxim is it based? Show that it is an implicature rather than a presupposition or an entailment.


	----		----

			=== Formal encoding ===

	The following exercises rely on a particular semantic representation language. We use the following conventions:		The following exercises rely on a particular semantic representation language. We use the following conventions:

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	* We use ''Capital italics'' for semantic objects (individuals), such as ''Samson'' (the individual), ''Traveler'' (the set of travelers)		* We use ''Capital italics'' for semantic objects (individuals), such as ''Samson'' (the individual), ''Traveler'' (the set of travelers)

	=== Exercise 9: Predicate logic ===		==== Exercise 9: Predicate logic ====

	# Define a model with four characters from the text passage. Define appropriate name constants for your characters.<br />Example: if you choose ''Samson'' as one of your individuals, an appropriate name constant would be '''samson'''.		# Define a model with four characters from the text passage. Define appropriate name constants for your characters.<br />Example: if you choose ''Samson'' as one of your individuals, an appropriate name constant would be '''samson'''.
	# Define two properties related to the information from the text. Which of your four indivduals have these properties? Define appropriate property predicates for your properties<br />Example: if you choose ''traveler'' as one of your properties, the person ''Samson'' would have this property. The predicate could be '''traveler'''. Then, you can write down the formula '''traveler'''('''samson'''). Given your model, this formula is true.		# Define two properties related to the information from the text. Which of your four indivduals have these properties? Define appropriate property predicates for your properties<br />Example: if you choose ''traveler'' as one of your properties, the person ''Samson'' would have this property. The predicate could be '''traveler'''. Then, you can write down the formula '''traveler'''('''samson'''). Given your model, this formula is true.

	=== Exercise 5: Quantifiers ===		==== Exercise 5: Quantifiers ====

	# Identify '''three''' quantifiers in the text.		# Identify '''three''' quantifiers in the text.
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	# Try to sketch a formal semantic representation of one of these form.		# Try to sketch a formal semantic representation of one of these form.

	=== Exercise 8: Sorts and types ===		==== Exercise 8: Sorts and types ====

	Identify the following persons and objects:		Identify the following persons and objects: