Semantics1 Week 2 - Revision history

Suzanne: /* First steps */

2016-04-03T18:16:40Z

First steps

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	Here is a very simple story from which we can derive an example model.		Here is a very simple story from which we can derive an example model.

	<~~mediaplayer~~>http://youtu.be/4a3mXelw7H4</~~mediaplayer~~>		<embedvideo service="youtube" dimensions="400">http://youtu.be/4a3mXelw7H4</embedvideo>

	<quiz display="simple">		<quiz display="simple">

Suzanne: /* Getting into our literary scenario */

2016-04-03T18:15:58Z

Getting into our literary scenario

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	Watch the trailer of Season 1 of ''Game of Thrones'':		Watch the trailer of Season 1 of ''Game of Thrones'':

	<~~mediaplayer~~>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YinJaXzgzqI</~~mediaplayer~~>		<embedvideo service="youtube" dimensions="400">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YinJaXzgzqI</embedvideo>

Manfred: /* For next week */

2015-04-24T09:36:48Z

For next week

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	** Short summary of season 1 on youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atxp6x3YreI		** Short summary of season 1 on youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atxp6x3YreI
	* Towards a formal model:		* Towards a formal model:
	** Watch the video		** Watch the video and work on the questions of section http://www.lexical-resource-semantics.de/wiki/index.php/Semantics1_Week_2#First_steps
	** Read Levine et al. (in prep.), Chapter 2, Section 1 [available on olat].		** Read Levine et al. (in prep.), Chapter 2, Section 1 [available on olat].

Manfred: /* First steps */

2015-04-24T09:34:56Z

First steps

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	</quiz>		</quiz>

	=== The universe and name symbols ===		== The universe and name symbols ==

	'''Task:''' Assume '''three''' individuals from our ''Game of Thrones''-scenario.		'''Task:''' Assume '''three''' individuals from our ''Game of Thrones''-scenario.
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	''I''('''grandmother''') = '''Grandmother'''<br />''I''('''redridinghood''') = ''Red Riding Hood''<br />''I''(''wolf'') = ''Wolf''<br />		''I''('''grandmother''') = '''Grandmother'''<br />''I''('''redridinghood''') = ''Red Riding Hood''<br />''I''(''wolf'') = ''Wolf''<br />

	=== Relations and predicate symbols ===		== Relations and predicate symbols ==

	In the fairy-tale scenario we express a relation between Little Red Riding Hood and the Wolf, namely that Little Red Riding Hood is the Wolf's afternoon snack. To formalize this, we collect all '''pairs''' of individuals which are such that the first element in the pair is the afternoon snack of the second. '''Note:''' A ''pair'' is written in between pointy brackets.		In the fairy-tale scenario we express a relation between Little Red Riding Hood and the Wolf, namely that Little Red Riding Hood is the Wolf's afternoon snack. To formalize this, we collect all '''pairs''' of individuals which are such that the first element in the pair is the afternoon snack of the second. '''Note:''' A ''pair'' is written in between pointy brackets.
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	'''Task:''' For each of your properties, invent an appropriate ''predicate symbol''. Define its interpretation.		'''Task:''' For each of your properties, invent an appropriate ''predicate symbol''. Define its interpretation.

	=== Properties and predicate symbols ===		== Properties and predicate symbols ==

	A property is a specification that either holds of an individual or not. In the little story, having a big mouth is a property of the Wolf, but of noone else in the story. Being female holds of both Little Red Riding Hood and the Grandmother.		A property is a specification that either holds of an individual or not. In the little story, having a big mouth is a property of the Wolf, but of noone else in the story. Being female holds of both Little Red Riding Hood and the Grandmother.

Manfred: /* Towards a formal model */

2015-04-24T09:34:23Z

Towards a formal model

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	= Towards a formal model =		= Towards a formal model =


			== First steps ==

	You can think of building a formal model like being the producer of a film who has to collect everything that should be included in the film.		You can think of building a formal model like being the producer of a film who has to collect everything that should be included in the film.

Manfred: /* For next week */

2015-04-24T09:33:40Z

For next week

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	** Wikipedia site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones<br/>Site on season 1: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones_%28season_1%29		** Wikipedia site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones<br/>Site on season 1: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones_%28season_1%29
	** Short summary of season 1 on youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atxp6x3YreI		** Short summary of season 1 on youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atxp6x3YreI
	* Read Levine et al. (in prep.), Chapter 2, Section 1 [available on olat].		* Towards a formal model:
			** Watch the video
			** Read Levine et al. (in prep.), Chapter 2, Section 1 [available on olat].

			<!--
	* Define a model based on the ''Game of Thrones''-scenario that contains:		* Define a model based on the ''Game of Thrones''-scenario that contains:
	** three individuals,		** three individuals,
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	* Add the corresponding name symbols and predicate symbols.<br/> For an example see the solution to [[Exercise_First_Order_Models\|this excercise]].		* Add the corresponding name symbols and predicate symbols.<br/> For an example see the solution to [[Exercise_First_Order_Models\|this excercise]].
	* Provide two statements that can be evaluated with respect to your model. One of them should be true, the other false.		* Provide two statements that can be evaluated with respect to your model. One of them should be true, the other false.
			-->

Manfred: /* For next week */

2015-04-22T05:44:19Z

For next week

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	** Wikipedia site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones<br/>Site on season 1: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones_%28season_1%29		** Wikipedia site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones<br/>Site on season 1: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones_%28season_1%29
	** Short summary of season 1 on youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atxp6x3YreI		** Short summary of season 1 on youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atxp6x3YreI
	* Read Levine et al. (in prep.), Chapter 2, Section 1 [available at olat].		* Read Levine et al. (in prep.), Chapter 2, Section 1 [available on olat].
	* Define a model based on the ''Game of Thrones''-scenario that contains:		* Define a model based on the ''Game of Thrones''-scenario that contains:
	** three individuals,		** three individuals,

Manfred: /* Relations and predicate symbols */

2015-04-22T00:58:17Z

Relations and predicate symbols

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	'''Task:''' Using your ''Game of Thrones''-universe from above, introduce one binary and one ternary relation.		'''Task:''' Using your ''Game of Thrones''-universe from above, introduce one binary and one ternary relation.

	Just like with names, we want to have symbols that we can use in the logical language. For our example, let's take the predicate symbols '''afternoon-snack-of_2''' and '''father-of_2''', and '''talks-with_2'''. There interpretation is defined as follows:<br>		Just like with names, we want to have symbols that we can use in the logical language. For our example, let's take the predicate symbols '''afternoon-snack-of_2''' and '''father-of_2''', and '''talks-with_2'''. (The number 2 indicates that the interpretation consists of pairs, not just of single individual) There interpretation is defined as follows:<br>

	''I''('''afternoon-snack-~~of_1~~''') = { < ''x'', ''y'' > \| ''x'' is ''y'' 's afternoon snack } = { <''Redridinghood'', ''Wolf'' >, <''Grandmother'', ''Wolf'' > }.		''I''('''afternoon-snack-of_2''') = { < ''x'', ''y'' > \| ''x'' is ''y'' 's afternoon snack } = { <''Redridinghood'', ''Wolf'' >, <''Grandmother'', ''Wolf'' > }.

	'''Task:''' For each of your properties, invent an appropriate ''predicate symbol''. Define its interpretation.		'''Task:''' For each of your properties, invent an appropriate ''predicate symbol''. Define its interpretation.

Manfred: /* Properties and predicate symbols */

2015-04-22T00:57:02Z

Properties and predicate symbols

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	'''Task:''' Using your ''Game of Thrones'' universe, define ''two'' properties in the format of 1-place relations.		'''Task:''' Using your ''Game of Thrones'' universe, define ''two'' properties in the format of 1-place relations.

	Just like before, we want to have symbols that we can use in the logical language. For our example, let's take the predicate symbols '''~~female1~~''' and '''has-big-~~mouth1~~'''. There interpretation is defined as follows:<br>		Just like before, we want to have symbols that we can use in the logical language. For our example, let's take the predicate symbols '''female_1''' and '''has-big-mouth_1'''. There interpretation is defined as follows:<br>

	''I''('''~~female1~~''') = { < ''x'' > \| ''x'' is female } = { <''Redridinghood''>, <''Grandmother''> }.		''I''('''female_1''') = { < ''x'' > \| ''x'' is female } = { <''Redridinghood''>, <''Grandmother''> }.

	'''Task:''' For each of your properties, invent an appropriate ''predicate symbol''. Define its interpretation.		'''Task:''' For each of your properties, invent an appropriate ''predicate symbol''. Define its interpretation.

Manfred: /* The properties */

2015-04-22T00:56:24Z

The properties

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	'''Task:''' For each of your properties, invent an appropriate ''predicate symbol''. Define its interpretation.		'''Task:''' For each of your properties, invent an appropriate ''predicate symbol''. Define its interpretation.

	=== ~~The properties~~ ===		=== Properties and predicate symbols ===

	A property is a specification that either holds of an individual or not. In the little story, having a big mouth is a property of the Wolf, but of noone else in the story. Being female holds of both Little Red Riding Hood and the Grandmother.		A property is a specification that either holds of an individual or not. In the little story, having a big mouth is a property of the Wolf, but of noone else in the story. Being female holds of both Little Red Riding Hood and the Grandmother.