Exercise-ch5

Exercises for chapter 5: Simple LRS

Functional notation

We have introduced the functional notation and the eventuality variable in chapter 5. What are the new formulae that correspond to the formulae from chapter 2?

1 Notation from chapter 2: hobbit(frodo)
New notation:

	frodo•hobbit
	hobbit•frodo

2 Notation from chapter 2: walk(frodo)
New notation:

	walk•frodo
	(walk•e)•frodo
	(walk•frodo)•e

3 Notation from chapter 2: help(aragorn,frodo)
New notation:

	((help•e)•frodo)•aragorn
	((help•e)•aragorn)•frodo
	((help•aragorn)•frodo)•e

Feel free to send feedback on this exercise to Manfred Sailer.

Semantic types

Add the semantic types in the blanks. Use simple letters ("e" or "t") for simple types. Use round brackets for complex types (for example: "(e,t)").

1 Add the types for simple expressions:

a. frodo_

b. hobbit_

c. walk_

d. help_

e. (hobit•x)_

2 Add the semantic types for complex expressions:

a. ((walk_ • e_ ) • aragorn_ )_

b. (hobbit_ • y_ )_

Sorts and sortal restrictions

Indicate the semantic sort of the underlined noun phrase.

eventuality	object	kind	group
				The committee gathered around the meeting room.
				The committee gathered in the the meeting room.
				They discussed who it might be possible to save the panda from extinction.
				Where will their next meeting take place?

Basic combinatorics

Basic mechanism with canonical examples

1 Sentence: Pat snored.
Logical form: (snore • e) • pat
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	pat ¦	snore ¦	snore • e ¦	(snore • e) • pat
					Pat
					snored

2 Sentence: Pat likes Chris.
Logical form: ((like • e) • chris) • pat
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	pat ¦	chris ¦	like ¦	like • e ¦	(like • e) • chris ¦	((like • e) • chris) • pat
							Pat
							likes
							Chris

Basic mechanism with copula and argument-marking preposition

1 Sentence: Alex is happy.
Logical form: ((happy • e) • alex)
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	alex ¦	happy ¦	happy • e ¦	(happy • e) • alex
					Alex
					is
					happy

2 Sentence: Alex had been happy.
Logical form (ignoring tense and aspect!): ((happy • e) • alex)
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	alex ¦	happy ¦	happy • e ¦	(happy • e) • alex
					Alex
					had
					been
					happy

3 Sentence: Pat waited for Chris
Logical form: ((wait • e) • chris) • pat
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	chris ¦	pat ¦	wait ¦	wait • e ¦	(wait • e) • chris ¦	((wait • e) • chris) • pat
							Pat
							waited
							for
							Chris

4 Sentence: Kim is proud of Fido
Logical form: ((proud-of • e) • fido) • kim
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	kim ¦	fido ¦	proud-of ¦	proud-of • e ¦	(proud-of • e) • fido ¦	((proud-of • e) • fido) • kim
							Kim
							is
							proud
							of
							Fido

Nominal expletives

1 Sentence: It stormed.
Logical form: storm • s
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

s ¦	storm ¦	storm • s
			It
			stormed

2 Sentence: It was snowing.
Logical form: snow • s
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

s ¦	snow ¦	snow • s
			It
			was
			snowing

Other constructions

1 Sentence: Pat did not call.
Logical form: ¬ ((call • e) • pat
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	pat ¦	call ¦	call • e ¦	(call • e) • pat ¦	¬ ((call • e) • pat)
						Pat
						did
						not
						call

2 Sentence: Alex gave up on Pat.
Logical form: ((give-up • e) • pat) • alex
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	alex ¦	pat ¦	give-up ¦	give-up • e ¦	(give-up • e) • pat ¦	((give-up • e) • pat) • alex
							Alex
							gave
							up
							on
							Pat

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