Appendix LRS Principles: Difference between revisions

From Lexical Resource Semantics
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 100: Line 100:
then the sign's MAIN value must occur inside this quantified formula.
then the sign's MAIN value must occur inside this quantified formula.


This principle is formulated in Chapter 6. It is usually not assumed in LRS publications, but is allows us to avoid the specification that the verb or adjective's MAIN value must be in the scope of the eventuality quantifier in every lexical entry.  
This principle is formulated in Chapter 6. It is usually not assumed in LRS publications, but is allows us to avoid the specification that the verb or adjective's MAIN value must be in the scope of the eventuality quantifier in every lexical entry.
 
=== Event Narrow Scope Principle ===
 
'''Event Narrow Scope Principle'''<br />
For each verb with some DR value ''e'', there is no quantified formula inside the verb's EXTERNAL-CONTENT value that is
* in the scope of the event quantifier of this verb (&exists; e(...)), and
* contains a free occurrence of the verb's DR value, ''e''.


=== Bound Variable Introduction Principle ===
=== Bound Variable Introduction Principle ===

Revision as of 22:58, 22 May 2018

On this page we collect all the principles from the textbook that relate to the values of CONTENT and LRS. The principles appear in alphabetic order.

Content Principle

Content Principle:
In any headed phrase, the SYNSEM | LOCAL | CONTENT value of the mother and the head daughter are identical.

Introduced in Chapter 5 (Simplified LRS)

Content-LF Principle

Content-LF Principle:
In any sign, the expressions in the SYNSEM | LOCAL | CONTENT | MAIN value and the SYNSEM | LOCAL | CONTENT | INDEX | DR value must be elements of the sign's LRS | PARTS list.

Revisions:

1. For the textbook:
In any sign, the expressions in the SYNSEM | LOCAL | CONTENT | MAIN value value must be elements of the sign's LRS | PARTS list.

On the LRS | PARTS list, the SYNSEM | LOC | CONT | INDEX | DR value must occur inside an argument slot of the SYNSEM | LOCAL | CONTENT | MAIN value.

2. A bit more formally:
In any sign, the expressions in the SYNSEM | LOCAL | CONTENT | MAIN value value must be elements of the sign's LRS | PARTS list.

And the LRS | PARTS list contains an element γ such that:
γ is identical with the DR value or
γ is an application such that the MAIN value is contained in its functor and the DR value is contained in its argument.

External Content Principle

External Content Principle

  1. In every phrase, the EXTERNAL-CONTENT value of a non-head daughter is an element of its PARTS list.
  2. In every utterance, every subexpression of the EXTERNAL-CONTENT value of the utterance is an element of its PARTS list, and every element of the utterance's PARTS list is a subexpression of its EXTERNAL-CONTENT value.

The clause on phrases is introduced in Chapter 6 (Quantifiers), the clause on utterances in Chapter 5 (Basic LRS).

LRS Projection Principle

LRS Projection Principle
(final version going back to Penn and Richter (2004)):
In every headed phrase,

  1. The EXTERNAL-CONTENT value of the mother and the head daughter are identical.
  2. The INTERNAL-CONTENT value of the mother and the head daughter are identical.
  3. The PARTS list of a phrase is the concatenation of the PARTS lists of its daughters.

The final version of this principle is introduced in Chapter 6 of the textbook.

Internal Content Principle

Internal Content Principle
For each lrs: The INTERNAL-CONTENT value is a component of the EXTERNAL-CONTENT value.

This principle is introduced in Chapter 6 of the textbook, together with the feature INTERNAL-CONTENT.

Internal Content Raising Principle

Internal Content Raising Principle
In a head-complement structure, if the INTERNAL-CONTENT value of the head is not a member of the head's PARTS list, then

  1. it is a component of the semantic argument of the head's MAIN value, and
  2. if the INDEX | DR value of a nonhead daughter occurs inside this argument slot, then the nonhead's INTERNAL-CONTENT and the head's INTERNAL-CONTENT are identical.


This principle is introduced in Chapter 6 of the textbook and further illustrated with examples in Chapter 7.

Semantics Principle

Semantics Principle
In every headed phrase,

  1. If the nonhead is a determiner with an INTERNAL-CONTENT of the form Qx(φ:ψ), then
    the INTERNAL-CONTENT of the head is a component of φ
    and the head and the nonhead have identical EXTERNAL-CONTENT values.
  2. For each nonhead that is a quantified NP with an EXTERNAL-CONTENT value of the form Qx(φ:ψ),
    the INTERNAL-CONTENT of the head is a component of ψ.
  3. If the nonhead is a modifier with an EXTERNAL-CONTENT value of the form φ ∧ ψ, then the INTERNAL-CONTENT of the head is a component of ψ.
  4. If the nonhead is a modifier with an EXTERNAL-CONTENT value of the form φ(ψ), then the INTERNAL-CONTENT of the head is a component of ψ.

Clauses 1 and 2 are introduced in Chapter 6 of the textbook.

Expletive Content Principle

Expletive Content Principle
In a headed structure, the PARTS list of the non-head is a proper sublist of the PARTS list of the head if and only if the non-head is an expletive (i.e., has a INDEX | PHI value of sort it or there).

DR-MAIN Binding Principle

DR-MAIN Binding Principle
For each sign,
if the sign's PARTS list contains a quantifier that binds the sign's DR value,
then the sign's MAIN value must occur inside this quantified formula.

This principle is formulated in Chapter 6. It is usually not assumed in LRS publications, but is allows us to avoid the specification that the verb or adjective's MAIN value must be in the scope of the eventuality quantifier in every lexical entry.

Event Narrow Scope Principle

Event Narrow Scope Principle
For each verb with some DR value e, there is no quantified formula inside the verb's EXTERNAL-CONTENT value that is

  • in the scope of the event quantifier of this verb (&exists; e(...)), and
  • contains a free occurrence of the verb's DR value, e.

Bound Variable Introduction Principle

Bound Variable Introduction Principle
For each sign with an INDEX value of sort non-pron a variable as DR value,
the sign's DR value is on its PARTS list iff the PARTS list also contains the quantifier binding that variable.

This principle is formulated in Chapter 6. It will make sure that a common noun does not introduce its DR value into its PARTS list. The restriction to non-pron is there to allow for pronouns to be bound.


back to the textbook chapter overview
back to the main page of the textbook