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= Ambiguity (Group 1) =
= Ambiguity (Group 1) =
=== Comments by the NMTS team ===
* Short description: Only mentions lexical and structural ambiguity…. maybe add other types of ambiguity or say why you only talk about these two types.
* glossary entry for "scope ambiguity"


== Overview ==
== Overview ==
Line 15: Line 20:


=== Short description of the topic ===
=== Short description of the topic ===
Give a short description of your topic
[[Glossary:Ambiguity#Ambiguity|Ambiguity]] is an extremely widespread phenomenon on which many puns and jokes are based on.<br/>
 
It can be differentiated between lexical and structural ambiguity. [[Glossary:Lexical_Ambiguity|Lexical ambiguity]] is defined as words having multiple meanings. <br/>
''Example'': <br/>
Is life worth living? It depends on the liver.
 
[[Glossary:Structural_Ambiguity|Structural ambiguity]] arises when the syntactic structure of a sentence allows more than one meaning. <br/>
''Example'': <br/>
rich women and men: [rich women] and men ''or'' rich [women or men] <br/>
Anna saw tourists with binoculars.: Anna saw [tourists with binoculars] ''or'' Anna saw [tourists] with binoculars.
 
Besides these general terms, within the presentation and exercises more distinct terms are introduced: collective-distributive and scope.<br/>
Collective-distributive ambiguity is defined on the level of morphemes. The ambigious parts of speech are the plural morphemes. <br/>
''Example'': <br/>
Mary and her sister had a little lamb: Mary and her sister own one little lamb together ''or'' each of them has an own little lamb.<br/>
 
A double meaning is created on the lexical or structural level of meaning by:
*[[Glossary:Polysemy|polysemy]]
*[[Glossary:Homophony|homophony]]
*[[Glossary:Homonym|homonymy]] <br/>


== References and links ==
== References and links ==


=== References ===
=== References ===
Indicate at least 3 references that you will use for your topic
*Bieswanger, Markus & Annette Becker. 2006. ''Introduction to English Linguistics'' (3rd edition). Tübingen and Basel: A. Francke Verlag. <br />
*Kortmann, Bernd. 2005. ''English Linguistics: Essentials''. Berlin: Cornelsen Verlag.
*Fromkin, Victoria; Rodman, Robert & Hyams, Nina. 2003. ''An Introduction to Language'' (7th edition). Boston: Thomson Heinle.
*Matthias Bauer, Joachim Knape, Peter Koch, Susanne Winkler. 2010. Dimensionen der Ambiguität. Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik 158, 7-75.
 
=== Links ===
 
* [[Glossary:Ambiguity|ambiguity (definition in Basic Glossary)]]
 
* [[Glossary:Lexical_Ambiguity|lexical ambiguity (definition in Basic Glossary)]]


Bieswanger, Markus & Annette Becker. 2006. ''Introduction to English Linguistics'' (3rd edition). Tübingen and Basel: A. Francke Verlag.
* [[Glossary:Polysemy|polysemy (definition in Basic Glossary)]]


=== Links ===
* [[Glossary:Homophony|homophony (definition in Basic Glossary)]]
Indicate links that may be helpful for your topic.
 
* [[Glossary:Homonym|homonymy (definition in Basic Glossary)]]
 
* [[Glossary:Scope_Ambiguity|Scope Ambiguity (definition in Basic Glossary)]]
 
* [http://www2.let.uu.nl/Uil-OTS/Lexicon/ "ambiguity" in Utrecht Institute of Linguistics, Lexicon of Linguistics ]
 
* [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ambiguity/ "ambiguity" in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
 
* [http://online.sfsu.edu/kbach/ambguity.html Online version of Kent Bach's entry on ''ambiguity'' in the ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy''.]


= Our e-learning objects =
= Our e-learning objects =


== Our wiki pages ==
== Our wikipages ==
List all the wiki pages that were created by your group.
 
*[[Glossary:Ambiguity|Ambiguity (definition in Basic Glossary)]] <br/ >
* [[Glossary:Antonym|antonym (definition in Basic Glossary)]] <br/ >
* [[Glossary:entailment|entailment (definition in Basic Glossary)]] <br/ >
* [[Glossary:Homograph|homograph (definition in Basic Glossary)]] <br/ >
* [[Glossary:Lexical_Ambiguity|Lexical Ambiguity (definition in Basic Glossary)]]<br/ >
* [[Glossary:Polysemy|Polysemy (definition in Basic Glossary)]]<br/ >
* [[Glossary:Register|register (definition in Basic Glossary)]] <br/ >
* [[Glossary:Structural_Ambiguity|structural ambiguity (definition in Basic Glossary)]] <br/ >


== Our podcasts ==
== Our podcasts ==
List all the podcasts that were created by your group.
 
<embedvideo service="youtube" dimensions="400">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SyyqkS1aofI </embedvideo>
 
[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SyyqkS1aofI Podcast on Lexical Ambiguity]


== Our materials for an interactive whiteboard ==
== Our materials for an interactive whiteboard ==
List all the files that your group created for the interactive whiteboard.
 
[http://user.uni-frankfurt.de/~sailer/nmts-wise1213/AmbiguityPresentation.notebook Notebook presentation]


== Our pictures ==
== Our pictures ==
  Give all the pictures of your group. Use the gallery function for this:
   
<nowiki>
  <gallery>
  <gallery>
File:Eleris.jpg|Eleris
File:Carlo.jpg|Anna's cat Carlo
File:ManfredFrankfurt1.jpg|Manfred Sailer
File:MarcM1.jpg|Marc M
</gallery></nowiki>
File:Nicki1.jpg|Nicki
<gallery>
File:PA080194.jpg|Jellyfishes (Zoo Berlin), Lorena's picture
File:Eleris.jpg|Eleris
File:Leo.jpeg|Leo
File:ManfredFrankfurt1.jpg|Manfred Sailer
File:Tree_Ambiguity.jpg|Poor women and men, Reading 1 & 2
</gallery>
File:Reading 1.png|Peter read the book on the Eiffel Tower, Reading 1
File:Reading 2.png|Peter read the book on the Eiffel Tower, Reading 2
</gallery>


== Our exercises ==
== Our exercises ==
Provide links to all the exercises that your group has created.


* Exercise on types of ambiguities. [[Determine_the_type_of_ambiguity|Link to the exercise]] (only one example so far).
=== Exercise I ===
'''General definition of ambiguity''' <br/>
 
a) What is an ambiguous word?<br />
1. [[Group1-Ex1-Solution1-a-1|a word with only one meaning]]<br />
2. [[Group1-Ex1-Solution1-a-2|a polysemous word]] <br />
3. [[Group1-Ex1-Solution1-a-3|a homophone word]] <br />
 
 
b) What is the technical term for words that have more than one meaning?<br />
1. [[Group1-Ex1-Solution1-b-1|scope ambiguity]]<br />
2. [[Group1-Ex1-Solution1-b-2|lexical ambiguity]]<br />
3. [[Group1-Ex1-Solution1-b-3|structural ambiguity]]<br />
 
 
c) Which word is the ambiguous word in the sentence?<br />
1. [[Group1-Ex1-Solution1-c-1|I bought it without any further inquiry.]]<br />
2. [[Group1-Ex1-Solution1-c-2|There is no bank in this town.]]<br />
 
 
d) Think of three sentences in which the word “hot” has different meanings.<br />
[[Group1-Ex1-e-Solution|{{CheckSolution}}]]<br />
 
=== Exercise II===
'''Different types of ambiguity''' <br/>
 
a) Phrases and sentences as a whole can have more than one meaning. How is this form of ambiguity called?<br />
1. [[Group1-Ex2-Solution-a-1|Scope Ambiguity]]<br />
2. [[Group1-Ex2-Solution-a-2|Lexical Ambiguity]] <br />
3. [[Group1-Ex2-Solution-a-3|Structural Ambiguity]] <br />
 
 
b) Which two meanings does the following sentence contain? Paraphrase them.<br />
''We need more intelligent administrators''.<br />
&rarr; [[Group1-Ex2-b-Solutions|Paraphrases]]<br />
 
 
c) Think of an ambiguous phrase or sentence on your own and explain its ambiguity.<br />
&rarr; [[Group1-Ex2-e-Solutions|Example]]<br />
 
===Exercise III===
'''Trees'''<br />
 
a) Draw the two different trees of the following phrase.<br />
''poor women and men''<br />
&rarr; [[Group1-Ex2-c-Solutions|Trees]]<br />
 
b) Draw the two different trees of the following sentence.<br />
''Peter read the book on the Eiffel-Tower''.<br />
&rarr; [[Group1-Ex2-d-Solutions|Trees]]<br />

Latest revision as of 17:49, 3 April 2016

Warning:
The material on this page has been created as part of a seminar. It is still heavily under construction and we do not guarantee its correctness. If you have comments on this page or suggestions for improvement, please contact Manfred Sailer.
This note will be removed once the page has been carefully checked and integrated into the main part of this wiki.

(Back to the group overview)

Ambiguity (Group 1)

Comments by the NMTS team

  • Short description: Only mentions lexical and structural ambiguity…. maybe add other types of ambiguity or say why you only talk about these two types.
  • glossary entry for "scope ambiguity"

Overview

Members

Short description of the topic

Ambiguity is an extremely widespread phenomenon on which many puns and jokes are based on.

It can be differentiated between lexical and structural ambiguity. Lexical ambiguity is defined as words having multiple meanings.
Example:
Is life worth living? It depends on the liver.

Structural ambiguity arises when the syntactic structure of a sentence allows more than one meaning.
Example:
rich women and men: [rich women] and men or rich [women or men]
Anna saw tourists with binoculars.: Anna saw [tourists with binoculars] or Anna saw [tourists] with binoculars.

Besides these general terms, within the presentation and exercises more distinct terms are introduced: collective-distributive and scope.
Collective-distributive ambiguity is defined on the level of morphemes. The ambigious parts of speech are the plural morphemes.
Example:
Mary and her sister had a little lamb: Mary and her sister own one little lamb together or each of them has an own little lamb.

A double meaning is created on the lexical or structural level of meaning by:

References and links

References

  • Bieswanger, Markus & Annette Becker. 2006. Introduction to English Linguistics (3rd edition). Tübingen and Basel: A. Francke Verlag.
  • Kortmann, Bernd. 2005. English Linguistics: Essentials. Berlin: Cornelsen Verlag.
  • Fromkin, Victoria; Rodman, Robert & Hyams, Nina. 2003. An Introduction to Language (7th edition). Boston: Thomson Heinle.
  • Matthias Bauer, Joachim Knape, Peter Koch, Susanne Winkler. 2010. Dimensionen der Ambiguität. Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik 158, 7-75.

Links

Our e-learning objects

Our wikipages

Our podcasts

Podcast on Lexical Ambiguity

Our materials for an interactive whiteboard

Notebook presentation

Our pictures

  • Anna's cat Carlo

    Anna's cat Carlo

  • Marc M

    Marc M

  • Nicki

    Nicki

  • Jellyfishes (Zoo Berlin), Lorena's picture

    Jellyfishes (Zoo Berlin), Lorena's picture

  • Leo

    Leo

  • Poor women and men, Reading 1 & 2

    Poor women and men, Reading 1 & 2

  • Peter read the book on the Eiffel Tower, Reading 1

    Peter read the book on the Eiffel Tower, Reading 1

  • Peter read the book on the Eiffel Tower, Reading 2

    Peter read the book on the Eiffel Tower, Reading 2

Our exercises

Exercise I

General definition of ambiguity

a) What is an ambiguous word?
1. a word with only one meaning
2. a polysemous word
3. a homophone word


b) What is the technical term for words that have more than one meaning?
1. scope ambiguity
2. lexical ambiguity
3. structural ambiguity


c) Which word is the ambiguous word in the sentence?
1. I bought it without any further inquiry.
2. There is no bank in this town.


d) Think of three sentences in which the word “hot” has different meanings.
Check your solution!

Exercise II

Different types of ambiguity

a) Phrases and sentences as a whole can have more than one meaning. How is this form of ambiguity called?
1. Scope Ambiguity
2. Lexical Ambiguity
3. Structural Ambiguity


b) Which two meanings does the following sentence contain? Paraphrase them.
We need more intelligent administrators.
→ Paraphrases


c) Think of an ambiguous phrase or sentence on your own and explain its ambiguity.
→ Example

Exercise III

Trees

a) Draw the two different trees of the following phrase.
poor women and men
→ Trees

b) Draw the two different trees of the following sentence.
Peter read the book on the Eiffel-Tower.
→ Trees

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