Exercise-ch5

Exercises for chapter 5: Simple LRS

Functional notation

We have introduced the functional notation and the eventuality variable in chapter 5. What are the new formulae that correspond to the formulae from chapter 2?

1 Notation from chapter 2: hobbit(frodo)
New notation:

	frodo•hobbit
	hobbit•frodo

2 Notation from chapter 2: walk(frodo)
New notation:

	walk•frodo
	(walk•e)•frodo
	(walk•frodo)•e

3 Notation from chapter 2: help(aragorn,frodo)
New notation:

	((help•e)•frodo)•aragorn
	((help•e)•aragorn)•frodo
	((help•aragorn)•frodo)•e

Semantic types

Add the semantic types in the blanks. Use simple letters ("e" or "t") for simple types. Use round brackets for complex types (for example: "(e,t)").

1 Add the types for simple expressions:

a. frodo_

b. hobbit_

c. walk_

d. help_

e. (hobit•x)_

2 Add the semantic types for complex expressions:

a. ((walk_ • e_ ) • aragorn_ )_

b. (hobbit_ • y_ )_

Sorts and sortal restrictions

Indicate the semantic sort of the underlined noun phrase.

| eventuality | object | kind | group

---+ The family gathered.

Basic combinatorics

Basic mechanism with canonical examples

1 Sentence: Pat snored.
Logical form: (snore • e) • pat
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	pat ¦	snore ¦	snore • e ¦	(snore • e) • pat
					Pat
					snored

2 Sentence: Pat likes Chris.
Logical form: ((like • e) • chris) • pat
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	pat ¦	chris ¦	like ¦	like • e ¦	(like • e) • chris ¦	((like • e) • chris) • pat
							Pat
							likes
							Chris

Basic mechanism with copula and argument-marking preposition

1 Sentence: Alex is happy.
Logical form: ((happy • e) • alex)
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	alex ¦	happy ¦	happy • e ¦	(happy • e) • alex
					Alex
					is
					happy

2 Sentence: Alex had been happy.
Logical form (ignoring tense and aspect!): ((happy • e) • alex)
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	alex ¦	happy ¦	happy • e ¦	(happy • e) • alex
					Alex
					had
					been
					happy

3 Sentence: Pat waited for Chris
Logical form: ((wait • e) • chris) • pat
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	chris ¦	pat ¦	wait ¦	wait • e ¦	(wait • e) • chris ¦	((wait • e) • chris) • pat
							Pat
							waited
							for
							Chris

4 Sentence: Kim is proud of Fido
Logical form: ((proud-of • e) • fido) • kim
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	kim ¦	fido ¦	proud-of ¦	proud-of • e ¦	(proud-of • e) • fido ¦	((proud-of • e) • fido) • kim
							Kim
							is
							proud
							of
							Fido

Nominal expletives

1 Sentence: It stormed.
Logical form: storm • s
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

s ¦	storm ¦	storm • s
			It
			stormed

2 Sentence: It was snowing.
Logical form: snow • s
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

s ¦	snow ¦	snow • s
			It
			was
			snowing

Other constructions

1 Sentence: Pat did not call.
Logical form: ¬ ((call • e) • pat
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	pat ¦	call ¦	call • e ¦	(call • e) • pat ¦	¬ ((call • e) • pat)
						Pat
						did
						not
						call

2 Sentence: Alex gave up on Pat.
Logical form: ((give-up • e) • pat) • alex
Which parts of the logical form are contributed by which word?

e ¦	alex ¦	pat ¦	give-up ¦	give-up • e ¦	(give-up • e) • pat ¦	((give-up • e) • pat) • alex
							Alex
							gave
							up
							on
							Pat

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