HS SoSe16: Papiamentu

Overview

• At APiCS: http://apics-online.info/contributions/47
  Silvia Kouwenberg. 2013. Papiamentu structure dataset. In: Michaelis, Susanne Maria & Maurer, Philippe & Haspelmath, Martin & Huber, Magnus (eds.) Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at http://apics-online.info/contributions/47, Accessed on 2016-03-05.)
• At the Language Varieties Site: http://www.hawaii.edu/satocenter/langnet/definitions/papiamentu.html
• Wikipedia

English wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papiamento

Papiamentu wikipedia: https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papiamentu

• Language institutes:
  • Fundashon pa Planifikashon di Idioma (Curaçao): http://www.fpi.cw/

Definite articles in Papiamentu

Definite contexts

• Proper name: Pat is happy.

Pap: no article: (*E) Maria tabata malu. `Mary was sick.´ (Kester & Schmitt 2007)

• Unique: The king has arrived. [uttered in Tonga] (unique, also called: unique term, larger situation unique, general knowledge definite)

Pap: no article: (*E) Solo ta kima sin miserikòrdia `The sun is burning without mercy.

• Associative anaphora: I saw a book on the table. The cover was so ugly it drew my attention. (associative anaphora, also called: bridging)

Pap: article: Mi a kumpra un bolo. *(E) krema no tabata mashá bon. `I bought a cake. The frosting wasn't ready yet.' (Kester & Schmitt 2007)

• Kind-referring expression: The lion has a mane. (kind-referring expression, also called: class-referring, generic)

Pap: no article:

Kabritu ta mashá komun na Kòrsou. `The goat is very common in Curçao' (Kester & Schmitt 2007).

*(E) leon ta biba na Afrika. `The lion lives in Africa.' (Kester & Schmitt 2007)

• Anaphoric definite: I saw a beautiful flower on the way home after a long day out. The flower was red. (anaphoric definite)

Pap: definite article obligatory:

Mi a kumpra un bolo. *(E) bolo ta wòrdu kome den dies minüt. 'I have bought a cake. The cake got eaten in 10 minutes.' (Kester & Schmitt 2007)

Mi a drenta outo i mi a start (e) motor. 'I got into the car and started the engine.' (Kester & Schmitt 2007)

• Immediate situation unique: Open the window! (uttered in a room with multiple windows) (situational definite, also called: immediate situation unique)

Pap: no article: El a laba (su) kara. `He washed his face.' (Kester & Schmitt 2007)

Pap: article: Mi ta buska *(e) dekano. `I am looking for the dean.' (Kester & Schmitt 2007)

• Weak definite: I am listening to the radio. (weak definite)

Pap: no article: Niun hende no sa ken a inventá (*e) wil. `Nobody knows who invented the wheel.' (Kester & Schmitt 2007)

Pap: no article: Zudiara a bisa tambe ku e ta bai skol. `Zudiara also said that he went to school.' (http://tinnews.me/?p=8001, 11.5.2016)

• Predicate definite: She is the only female participant in this course. (predicative definites)

Pap: article: E sakunan di plastik no ta e uniko plastik ku bo ta hanja. `The plastic bags are not the only plastic that you get. (https://www.facebook.com/Curacao.Animal.Rescue/posts/274264519371934, 11.5.2016)

• Collective definite: The rich will get richer.

Tense in Papiamentu

References

• Kester, Ellen-Petra & Christina Schmitt. 2007. Papiamentu and Brasilian Portuguese: A comparative study of bare nominals. In: Baptista, Marlyse & Jacqueline Guéron. eds. Noun Phrases in Creole Languages. Amsterdam: Benjamins. pp. 107-144.

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